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A linear collider vision for the future of particle physics

  • H. Abramowicz
  • , E. Adli
  • , F. Alharthi
  • , M. Almanza-Soto
  • , M. M. Altakach
  • , W. Altmannshofer
  • , S. Ampudia Castelazo
  • , D. Angal-Kalinin
  • , J. Anguiano
  • , R. B. Appleby
  • , O. Apsimon
  • , A. Arbey
  • , F. Arco
  • , O. Arquero
  • , A. Aryshev
  • , S. Asai
  • , D. Attié
  • , J. L. Avila-Jimenez
  • , H. Baer
  • , J. A. Bagger
  • Y. Bai, I. R. Bailey, C. Balazs, P. Bambade, T. Barklow, J. Baudot, P. Bechtle, T. Behnke, A. B. Bellerive, S. Belomestnykh, Y. Benhammou, J. Berenguer-Antequera, M. Berger, M. Berggren, M. Bertucci, M. Besançon, D. Bett, P. C. Bhat, T. Biekötter, S. Bilanishvili, B. Bilki, V. M. Bjelland, J. Björklund Svensson, C. Blanch, J. de Blas, B. Bliewert, M. Boehler, S. Boogert, M. Boronat, V. Boudry, D. Bourilkov, I. Bozovic, J. Braathen, J. E. Brau, C. Breuning, J. C. Brient, I. Brock, B. Brudnowski, K. Buesser, E. Bulyak, P. N. Burrows, G. Burt, O. Cakir, A. Caldwell, A. C. Canbay, F. G. Celiberto, E. Cenni, I. Chaikovska, R. Chehab, J. B.B. Chen, G. Chen, T. Chikamatsu, V. Cilento, P. Colas, M. Coman, E. Del Core, L. Corner, F. Cornet, F. Cornet-Gomez, F. Corriveau, R. Corsini, J. Cvach, C. Damerell, R. D’Arcy, A. Das, S. Dasu, M. Demarteau, H. Denizli, R. Dermisek, A. Dhar, S. Dittmaier, F. Djurabekova, E. M. Donegani, A. Doyle, P. Drobniak, B. Dudar, H. Duran Yildiz, G. Durieux, J. Dutta, S. Easo, G. Eckerlin, U. Einhaus, C. Emma, E. Esarey, D. Esperante, D. Espriu, L. R. Evans, J. Farmer, A. Faus Golfe, M. Fernandez, J. C. Fernandez-Ortega, M. Formela, A. Formenti, L. J. Forrester, B. Foster, N. Fourches, M. C. Fouz, A. Freitas, C. D. Fu, K. Fujii, J. Fujimoto, B. Fuks, J. Fuster, N. Fuster-Martínez, M. Gabelmann, F. Gaede, M. Galletti, E. Gallo, S. Ganjour, M. V. Garzelli, R. L. Geng, S. Gessner, I. D. Gialamas, B. Gimeno, J. Goldstein, M. Goncerz, A. J. Gonsalves, F. J. Gonzalez, D. González-Iglesias, S. Gori, J. Grames, P. Grannis, L. Gray, G. Grenier, H. Guler, H. E. Haber, K. Hamaguchi, N. Hamann, O. Hartbrich, N. M. Hartman, S. Heinemeyer, G. Heinrich, C. Hensel, K. Hidaka, S. Hirose, A. H. Hoang, M. J. Hogan, W. Hollik, Y. Horii, R. Hosokawa, S. Huang, G. Hütsi, D. Hynds, M. Idzik, S. Iguro, Y. Iiyama, K. Ikematsu, A. Irles, A. Ishikawa, M. Ishino, I. P. Ivanov, Y. Iwashita, M. Jacewicz, R. Jaramillo, D. Jeans, C. Jing, R. M. Jones, W. Kaabi, D. Käfer, M. Kagan, J. Kalinowski, D. K. Kalvik, J. Kaminski, S. Kanemura, K. Kannike, A. Karam, Y. Kato, K. Kawagoe, L. Kennedy, J. Kersten, S. A. Khan, V. A. Khoze, W. Kilian, J. Klamka, P. Kluit, K. Kong, R. Van Kooten, P. Koppenburg, A. Korsun, A. V. Kotwal, S. Kraml, K. Krüger, T. Kubo, K. Kubo, M. Kucharczyk, S. Kuday, N. Kumar, A. Kumar, M. Kurata, Y. Kurihara, M. Kuriki, J. Kvasnička, K. Kyoya, I. Laktineh, A. Latina, F. LeDiberder, A. Levy, M. Liepe, C. A. Lindstrøm, J. List, B. List, M. Litos, V. N. Litvinenko, A. Lopez-Virto, X. Lu, T. Luo, M. Lupberger, J. P. Márquez, B. Madison, T. Madlener, J. Maeda, F. Mahmoudi, E. Maina, N. Majernik, R. Margraf-O’Neal, T. W. Markiewicz, A. Martens, V. J. Martin, P. Martín-Luna, L. Marzola, V. I. Maslov, K. T. Matchev, S. Matsumoto, K. Mawatari, A. McIlvenny, P. A. McIntosh, K. Mekala, D. Melini, F. Meloni, A. Menéndez, S. Michizono, K. Mimasu, V. Miralles, W. Mitaroff, V. A. Mitsou, L. Monaco, G. Moortgat-Pick, M. Moreno-Llácer, T. Mori, J. Moron, S. Morton, D. Moya, M. M. Mühlleitner, M. Mulder, P. Munbodh, H. Murayama, E. Musumeci, V. V. Mytrochenko, N. Nagata, E. Nagy, T. Nakada, J. Nakajima, K. Nakamura, E. A. Nanni, E. Nardi, S. Narita, M. Nojiri, D. Ntounis, M. T. Núñez Pardo de Vera, A. Ody, O. M. Ogreid, T. Ohl, Y. Okada, C. Oleari, M. Olvegøard, M. Omet, T. Omori, Y. Onel, H. Ono, W. Ootani, C. Orero, J. Osborne, K. Österberg, J. Osterhoff, M. Ouchemhou, Q. Ouyang, S. Pagan Griso, R. Paparella, S. C. Park, J. Pata, J. R. Patterson, L. K. Pedraza-Motavita, F. Peña, M. E. Peskin, F. Pilat, P. Piot, S. Plätzer, I. Polák, W. Porod, R. Pöschl, K. Potamianos, C. T. Potter, P. Poulose, J. G. Power, T. A. du Pree, D. Protopopescu, H. R. Qi, J. Rabara Bailey, A. Racioppi, M. Raidal, J. P. Ralston, A. Rastogi, L. Reichenbach, L. Reichwein, L. Reina, J. Reuter, F. Richard, S. Riemann, R. A. Rimmer, T. Robens, A. Robson, G. Rodrigo, C. S. Rogan, J. Rojo, M. Q. Ruan, S. Rudrabhatla, A. Ruiz-Jimeno, T. Saeki, H. Sakai, Y. Sakaki, F. Salvatore, T. Sanuki, S. Sasikumar, A. Scheinker, T. Schörner, C. B. Schroeder, S. Schroeder, I. Schulthess, M. Schumacher, A. Schwartzman, Y. Seiya, A. Senol, H. Sert, D. Sertore, A. Seryi, T. Shidara, K. Sjobak, I. Smiljanic, S. Spannagel, M. Spira, M. Stanitzki, S. Stapnes, D. Storey, J. Strube, S. Su, A. Subba, T. Suehara, H. Sugawara, K. Sugizaki, Z. Sun, R. Szafron, T. Takahashi, T. Takeshita, T. Tauchi, G. Taylor, N. Terunuma, D. Terzani, T. Teubner, J. Tian, J. van Tilborg, J. Timmermans, M. Titov, R. Tomás García, T. Tong, J. M. Torndal, M. Trautwein, A. Tricoli, K. Tsumura, B. Tuchming, D. Tuckler, I. Turk Cakir, M. Tytgat, A. Ukleja, C. Vallee, A. Vauth, M. Vellasco, C. Vernieri, L. Verra, M. Vicente Barreto Pinto, I. Vidakovic, H. Videau, E. Viklund, I. Vila, M. Villaplana, M. Vos, N. Vukasinovic, N. Walker, K. Wandall-Christensen, Y. Wang, B. F.L. Ward, Z. Was, T. Watanabe, N. K. Watson, G. Weiglein, J. D. Wells, H. Wennlöf, M. Wenskat, S. Westhoff, J. W. Wetzel, A. P. White, M. Williams, P. H. Williams, G. W. Wilson, M. Wing, M. Winter, A. Winter, T. Wojton, J. C. Wood, W. Wuensch, X. Xia, K. Yagyu, A. Yamamoto, Y. Yamamoto, K. Yamamoto, H. Yamamoto, S. Yamashita, M. Yamauchi, K. Yokoya, M. Yoshioka, J. Zálešák, A. F. Żarnecki, K. Zembaczynski, D. Zerwas, Y. Zhang, W. Zhang, J. Zhang, Y. M. Zhong, M. Zielinski, M. Zobov
  • Tel Aviv University
  • University of Oslo
  • Université Paris-Saclay
  • King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology
  • University of Valencia
  • LTHE (UMR 5564 CNRS/IRD/Université de Grenoble)
  • University of California, Santa Cruz
  • Stanford Linear Accelerator Center
  • Sci-Tech Daresbury
  • University of Kansas
  • University of Manchester
  • IGFL, Université de Lyon, Université Lyon 1
  • c/o DESY
  • Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas Medioambientales y Tecnológicas (CIEMAT)
  • High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK)
  • Universite Paris-Saclay
  • University of Cordoba
  • University of Oklahoma
  • Johns Hopkins University
  • University of Wisconsin-Madison
  • Lancaster University
  • Monash University
  • Université de Strasbourg
  • University Bonn
  • Carleton University
  • Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory
  • Stony Brook University
  • Universität Hamburg
  • Sezione INFN di Milano
  • University of Oxford
  • Universidad Autónoma de Madrid
  • LNF-INFN
  • Beykent University
  • University of Iowa
  • Norwegian University of Science and Technology
  • Lund University
  • University of Granada
  • University of Freiburg
  • University of Florida
  • University of Belgrade
  • University of Oregon
  • Ip Paris
  • University of Warsaw
  • Kharkov Institute of Physics and Technology
  • Ankara University
  • Max Planck Institute for Physics
  • Universidad de Alcalá
  • Argonne National Laboratory
  • Miyagi Gakuin Women’s University
  • European Organization for Nuclear Research
  • Uppsala University
  • University of Liverpool
  • McGill University
  • of Sciences
  • CCLRC Rutherford Appleton Laboratory
  • Hokkaido University
  • Oak Ridge National Laboratory
  • Bolu Abant Izzet Baysal University
  • Indiana University Bloomington
  • Helsinki Institute of Physics
  • European Spallation Source (ESS)
  • University of Glasgow
  • Johannes Gutenberg University
  • University of Louvain
  • Institute of Mathematical Sciences India
  • Institute of Meteorology and Climate Research
  • Ernest Orlando Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory
  • University of Barcelona
  • Instituto de Fisica de Cantabria (CSIC-UC)
  • The Blackett Laboratory
  • University of Pittsburgh
  • Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences
  • Sorbonne Université
  • Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility
  • National Institute of Chemical Physics and Biophysics, Tallinn
  • University of Bristol
  • Institute for Nuclear Physics
  • University of Tokyo
  • Technical University of Munich
  • Centro Brasileiro de Pesquisas Fisicas
  • Tokyo Gakugei University
  • University of Tsukuba
  • University of Vienna
  • Nagoya University
  • Iwate University
  • Agh University of Science and Technology Faculty of Computer Science
  • ICEPP
  • Sun Yat-Sen University
  • Osaka University
  • Kindai University
  • Kyushu University
  • University of Bergen
  • Dhofar University
  • Durham University
  • Universität Siegen
  • Science Park 105
  • Duke University
  • SGT University
  • Hiroshima University
  • Tohoku University
  • Cornell University
  • University of Colorado Boulder
  • Northern Illinois University
  • Kobe University
  • University of Turin
  • University of Edinburgh
  • University of Alabama
  • University of Southampton
  • Institut für Hochenergiephysik
  • ICS/University of Groningen
  • University of California, Berkeley
  • Aix-Marseille Université
  • ENAC-IIC-GEL
  • Western Norway University of Applied Sciences
  • University of Würzburg
  • University of Milano-Bicocca
  • Nippon Dental University
  • Ruđer Bošković Institute
  • Yonsei University
  • Universität München
  • University of Warwick
  • Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering
  • St Joseph’s University
  • Research Centre Julich
  • Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf
  • Florida State University
  • University of Sussex
  • MST-8, Los Alamos National Laboratory
  • Osaka City University
  • Nambu Yoichiro Institute of Theoretical and Experimental Physics (NITEP)
  • Istanbul University
  • Paul Scherrer Institut
  • University of Arizona
  • Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata
  • University of Pennsylvania
  • Brookhaven National Laboratory
  • Shinshu University
  • University of Melbourne
  • TRIUMF
  • Inter-University Institute for High Energies ULB-VUB
  • University of Geneva
  • Baylor University
  • Kogakuin University
  • University of Birmingham
  • Physics Dept
  • University of Texas at Arlington
  • University College London
  • Iwate Prefectural University
  • City University of Hong Kong
  • Jagiellonian University

Research output: Contribution to journalReview articlepeer-review

3 Citations (Scopus)

Abstract

In this paper we review the physics opportunities at linear e+e− colliders with a special focus on high centre-of-mass energies and beam polarisation, take a fresh look at the various accelerator technologies available or under development and, for the first time, discuss how a facility first equipped with a technology that is mature today could be upgraded with technologies of tomorrow to reach much higher energies and/or luminosities. In addition, we discuss detectors, alternative collider modes, as well as opportunities for beyond-collider experiments and R&D facilities as part of a linear collider facility (LCF). The material of this paper supports all plans for e+e− linear colliders and the additional opportunities they offer, independently of technology choice or proposed site, as well as R&D for advanced accelerator technologies. This joint perspective on the physics goals, early technologies and upgrade strategies has been developed by the LCVision team based on an initial discussion at LCWS2024 in Tokyo and a follow-up at the LCVision Community Event at CERN in January 2025. It heavily builds on decades of achievements of the global linear collider community, in particular in the context of CLIC and ILC.

Original languageEnglish
JournalEuropean Physical Journal: Special Topics
DOIs
Publication statusAccepted/In press - 1 Jan 2026

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