A new model for shallow viscoelastic fluids

We propose a new reduced model for gravity-driven free-surface flows of shallow viscoelastic fluids. It is obtained by an asymptotic expansion of the upper-convected Maxwell model for viscoelastic fluids. The viscosity is assumed small (of order epsilon, the aspect ratio of the thin layer of fluid), but the relaxation time is kept finite. In addition to the classical layer depth and velocity in shallow models, our system describes also the evolution of two components of the stress. It has an intrinsic energy equation. The mathematical properties of the model are established, an important feature being the non-convexity of the physically relevant energy with respect to conservative variables, but the convexity with respect to the physically relevant pseudo-conservative variables. Numerical illustrations are given, based on a suitable well-balanced finite-volume discretization involving an approximate Riemann solver.