A study on optimal pore range for high pressure hydrogen storage behaviors by porous hard carbon materials prepared from a polymeric precursor

In this study, activated polymer-based hard carbons were prepared using various steam activation conditions in order to enhance their hydrogen storage ability. The structural characteristics of the activated carbons were observed by X-ray diffraction and Raman spectroscopy. The N ₂ adsorption isotherm characteristics at 77 K were confirmed by Brunauer-Emmett-Teller, Barrett-Joyner-Halenda and non-local density functional theory equations. The hydrogen storage behaviours of the activated carbons at 298 K and 10 MPa were studied using a Pressure-Composition-Temperature apparatus. From the results, specific surface areas and total pore volume of the activated carbons were determined to be 1680–2320 m ² /g and 0.78–1.39 cm ³ /g, respectively. It was also observed that various pore size distributions were found to be dependent on the functions of activation time. In the observed result, the hydrogen adsorption of APHS-9-4 increased about 30% more than that of as-prepared hard carbon. This indicates that hydrogen storage capacity could be a function not only of specific surface area or total pore volume, but also of micropore volume fraction in the range of 0.63–0.78 nm of adsorbents.