TY - GEN
T1 - About the knowledge of trichllrofluoromethane hydrate formation and dissociation within water in oil emulsions
AU - Clausse, D.
AU - Fouconnier, B.
AU - Komunjer, L.
AU - Ollivon, M.
AU - Dalmazzone, D.
PY - 2005/12/1
Y1 - 2005/12/1
N2 - Trichlorofluoromethane (CCl 3F) is a liquid at normal conditions and is known to form hydrate at 8.5°C at 1 atm. It has been considered to be a very good candidate for getting information about the mechanisms of formation and dissociation of gas hydrates (CH 4, CO 2) that form at high pressure and are the cause of tremendous damages in the petroleum industry as blocks of hydrates obstruct the pipe lines. A way to minimize the damages is to disperse the water as tiny droplets in the oil phase. Studies involving emulsions were carried out. Emulsions were generally made of 60% water and 40% oil. The oil phase was made of Exxol D80 in which the non ionic tensio active Berol 26.4 vol % was dissolved, to give birth to hydrate crystals. The emulsions were cooled far below the equilibrium temperature (8.5°C). Above -40°C any signal was pointed out, showing that effectively kinetic effects have to be taken into account. -40°C was mainly attributed to the ice formation within the still liquid under cooled water droplets. During the following heating, besides the expected signals due to the ice melting, a specific signal related to the presence of CCl 3F in the emulsion was pointed out. This is an abstract of a paper presented at the 7th World Congress of Chemical Engineering (Glasgow, Scotland 7/10-14/2005).
AB - Trichlorofluoromethane (CCl 3F) is a liquid at normal conditions and is known to form hydrate at 8.5°C at 1 atm. It has been considered to be a very good candidate for getting information about the mechanisms of formation and dissociation of gas hydrates (CH 4, CO 2) that form at high pressure and are the cause of tremendous damages in the petroleum industry as blocks of hydrates obstruct the pipe lines. A way to minimize the damages is to disperse the water as tiny droplets in the oil phase. Studies involving emulsions were carried out. Emulsions were generally made of 60% water and 40% oil. The oil phase was made of Exxol D80 in which the non ionic tensio active Berol 26.4 vol % was dissolved, to give birth to hydrate crystals. The emulsions were cooled far below the equilibrium temperature (8.5°C). Above -40°C any signal was pointed out, showing that effectively kinetic effects have to be taken into account. -40°C was mainly attributed to the ice formation within the still liquid under cooled water droplets. During the following heating, besides the expected signals due to the ice melting, a specific signal related to the presence of CCl 3F in the emulsion was pointed out. This is an abstract of a paper presented at the 7th World Congress of Chemical Engineering (Glasgow, Scotland 7/10-14/2005).
M3 - Conference contribution
AN - SCOPUS:33645152322
SN - 0852954948
SN - 9780852954942
T3 - 7th World Congress of Chemical Engineering, GLASGOW2005, incorporating the 5th European Congress of Chemical Engineering
SP - 180
BT - 7th World Congress of Chemical Engineering, GLASGOW2005, incorporating the 5th European Congress of Chemical Engineering - Congress Manuscripts
T2 - 7th World Congress of Chemical Engineering, GLASGOW2005, incorporating the 5th European Congress of Chemical Engineering
Y2 - 10 July 2005 through 14 July 2005
ER -