An Empirical Study on the “Usage of Not” in Real-World JSON Schema Documents

Mohamed Amine Baazizi; Dario Colazzo; Giorgio Ghelli; Carlo Sartiani; Stefanie Scherzinger

doi:10.1007/978-3-030-89022-3_9

An Empirical Study on the “Usage of Not” in Real-World JSON Schema Documents

Mohamed Amine Baazizi, Dario Colazzo, Giorgio Ghelli, Carlo Sartiani, Stefanie Scherzinger

Research output: Chapter in Book/Report/Conference proceeding › Conference contribution › peer-review

Abstract

We study the usage of negation in JSON Schema data modeling. Negation is a logical operator rarely present in type systems and schema description languages, since it complicates decision problems: many software tools, but also formal frameworks for working with JSON Schema, do not fully support negation. This motivates us to study whether negation is actually used in practice, for which aims, and whether it could—in principle—be replaced by simpler operators. We have collected a large corpus of 80k open source JSON Schema documents from GitHub. We perform a systematic analysis, quantify usage patterns of negation, and also qualitatively analyze schemas. We show that negation is indeed used, albeit infrequently, following a stable set of patterns.

Original language	English
Title of host publication	Conceptual Modeling - 40th International Conference, ER 2021, Proceedings
Editors	Aditya Ghose, Jennifer Horkoff, Vítor E. Silva Souza, Jeffrey Parsons, Joerg Evermann
Publisher	Springer Science and Business Media Deutschland GmbH
Pages	102-112
Number of pages	11
ISBN (Print)	9783030890216
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-89022-3_9
Publication status	Published - 1 Jan 2021
Externally published	Yes
Event	40th International Conference on Conceptual Modeling, ER 2021 - Virtual, Online Duration: 18 Oct 2021 → 21 Oct 2021

Publication series

Name	Lecture Notes in Computer Science (including subseries Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence and Lecture Notes in Bioinformatics)
Volume	13011 LNCS
ISSN (Print)	0302-9743
ISSN (Electronic)	1611-3349

Conference

Conference	40th International Conference on Conceptual Modeling, ER 2021
City	Virtual, Online
Period	18/10/21 → 21/10/21

Keywords

Conceptual modeling
Empirical study
JSON Schema

Access to Document

10.1007/978-3-030-89022-3_9

Cite this

Baazizi, M. A., Colazzo, D., Ghelli, G., Sartiani, C., & Scherzinger, S. (2021). An Empirical Study on the “Usage of Not” in Real-World JSON Schema Documents. In A. Ghose, J. Horkoff, V. E. Silva Souza, J. Parsons, & J. Evermann (Eds.), Conceptual Modeling - 40th International Conference, ER 2021, Proceedings (pp. 102-112). (Lecture Notes in Computer Science (including subseries Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence and Lecture Notes in Bioinformatics); Vol. 13011 LNCS). Springer Science and Business Media Deutschland GmbH. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-89022-3_9

Baazizi, Mohamed Amine ; Colazzo, Dario ; Ghelli, Giorgio et al. / An Empirical Study on the “Usage of Not” in Real-World JSON Schema Documents. Conceptual Modeling - 40th International Conference, ER 2021, Proceedings. editor / Aditya Ghose ; Jennifer Horkoff ; Vítor E. Silva Souza ; Jeffrey Parsons ; Joerg Evermann. Springer Science and Business Media Deutschland GmbH, 2021. pp. 102-112 (Lecture Notes in Computer Science (including subseries Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence and Lecture Notes in Bioinformatics)).

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title = "An Empirical Study on the “Usage of Not” in Real-World JSON Schema Documents",

abstract = "We study the usage of negation in JSON Schema data modeling. Negation is a logical operator rarely present in type systems and schema description languages, since it complicates decision problems: many software tools, but also formal frameworks for working with JSON Schema, do not fully support negation. This motivates us to study whether negation is actually used in practice, for which aims, and whether it could—in principle—be replaced by simpler operators. We have collected a large corpus of 80k open source JSON Schema documents from GitHub. We perform a systematic analysis, quantify usage patterns of negation, and also qualitatively analyze schemas. We show that negation is indeed used, albeit infrequently, following a stable set of patterns.",

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Baazizi, MA, Colazzo, D, Ghelli, G, Sartiani, C & Scherzinger, S 2021, An Empirical Study on the “Usage of Not” in Real-World JSON Schema Documents. in A Ghose, J Horkoff, VE Silva Souza, J Parsons & J Evermann (eds), Conceptual Modeling - 40th International Conference, ER 2021, Proceedings. Lecture Notes in Computer Science (including subseries Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence and Lecture Notes in Bioinformatics), vol. 13011 LNCS, Springer Science and Business Media Deutschland GmbH, pp. 102-112, 40th International Conference on Conceptual Modeling, ER 2021, Virtual, Online, 18/10/21. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-89022-3_9

An Empirical Study on the “Usage of Not” in Real-World JSON Schema Documents. / Baazizi, Mohamed Amine; Colazzo, Dario; Ghelli, Giorgio et al.
Conceptual Modeling - 40th International Conference, ER 2021, Proceedings. ed. / Aditya Ghose; Jennifer Horkoff; Vítor E. Silva Souza; Jeffrey Parsons; Joerg Evermann. Springer Science and Business Media Deutschland GmbH, 2021. p. 102-112 (Lecture Notes in Computer Science (including subseries Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence and Lecture Notes in Bioinformatics); Vol. 13011 LNCS).

Research output: Chapter in Book/Report/Conference proceeding › Conference contribution › peer-review

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AB - We study the usage of negation in JSON Schema data modeling. Negation is a logical operator rarely present in type systems and schema description languages, since it complicates decision problems: many software tools, but also formal frameworks for working with JSON Schema, do not fully support negation. This motivates us to study whether negation is actually used in practice, for which aims, and whether it could—in principle—be replaced by simpler operators. We have collected a large corpus of 80k open source JSON Schema documents from GitHub. We perform a systematic analysis, quantify usage patterns of negation, and also qualitatively analyze schemas. We show that negation is indeed used, albeit infrequently, following a stable set of patterns.

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Baazizi MA, Colazzo D, Ghelli G, Sartiani C, Scherzinger S. An Empirical Study on the “Usage of Not” in Real-World JSON Schema Documents. In Ghose A, Horkoff J, Silva Souza VE, Parsons J, Evermann J, editors, Conceptual Modeling - 40th International Conference, ER 2021, Proceedings. Springer Science and Business Media Deutschland GmbH. 2021. p. 102-112. (Lecture Notes in Computer Science (including subseries Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence and Lecture Notes in Bioinformatics)). doi: 10.1007/978-3-030-89022-3_9