Anomalies du choix rationnel en incertitude: Taxonomie des échecs empiriques du principe d'Invariance

An individual is sensitive to its context if his actions are greatly affected by the manner in which a decision is framed. Such individual violates the foundation of all the theories of choice, i.e. the invariance principle. Sensitivity to context is now well documented, but its definition remains vague. This paper revisits the invariance principle and discusses its importance in the rational choice theory. It then proposes a taxonomy of the invariance principle to discriminate between different types of preference reversals. This taxonomy enables to focus on each type of inconsistency separately in order to understand its causes, which may lead to a more accurate theoretical reflection.