Current use and developments needed for optimal design in pharmacometrics: A study performed among ddmore's european federation of pharmaceutical industries and associations members

Methods and software tools for optimal design in nonlinear mixed effect models, based on the Fisher information matrix, have been developed for a decade.1,2 Academic groups regularly proposed new versions.3-5 Present tools do not incorporate adaptive designs for these models although prior information is needed and adaptive designs are increasingly used in drug development.6 We conducted a study among drug companies of the Drug and Disease Model Resources consortium7 to identify current practices and expectations.