Design of an inertial fusion experiment exceeding the Lawson criterion for ignition

A. L. Kritcher; A. B. Zylstra; D. A. Callahan; O. A. Hurricane; C. R. Weber; D. S. Clark; C. V. Young; J. E. Ralph; D. T. Casey; A. Pak; O. L. Landen; B. Bachmann; K. L. Baker; L. Berzak Hopkins; S. D. Bhandarkar; J. Biener; R. M. Bionta; N. W. Birge; T. Braun; T. M. Briggs; P. M. Celliers; H. Chen; C. Choate; L. Divol; T. Döppner; D. Fittinghoff; M. J. Edwards; M. Gatu Johnson; N. Gharibyan; S. Haan; K. D. Hahn; E. Hartouni; D. E. Hinkel; D. D. Ho; M. Hohenberger; J. P. Holder; H. Huang; N. Izumi; J. Jeet; O. Jones; S. M. Kerr; S. F. Khan; H. Geppert Kleinrath; V. Geppert Kleinrath; C. Kong; K. M. Lamb; S. Le Pape; N. C. Lemos; J. D. Lindl; B. J. Macgowan; A. J. Mackinnon; A. G. Macphee; E. V. Marley; K. Meaney; M. Millot; A. S. Moore; K. Newman; J. M.G. Di Nicola; A. Nikroo; R. Nora; P. K. Patel; N. G. Rice; M. S. Rubery; J. Sater; D. J. Schlossberg; S. M. Sepke; K. Sequoia; S. J. Shin; M. Stadermann; S. Stoupin; D. J. Strozzi; C. A. Thomas; R. Tommasini; C. Trosseille; E. R. Tubman; P. L. Volegov; C. Wild; D. T. Woods; S. T. Yang

doi:10.1103/PhysRevE.106.025201

Design of an inertial fusion experiment exceeding the Lawson criterion for ignition

A. L. Kritcher
, A. B. Zylstra
, D. A. Callahan
, O. A. Hurricane
, C. R. Weber
, D. S. Clark
, C. V. Young
, J. E. Ralph
, D. T. Casey
, A. Pak
, O. L. Landen
, B. Bachmann
, K. L. Baker
, L. Berzak Hopkins
, S. D. Bhandarkar
, J. Biener
, R. M. Bionta
, N. W. Birge
, T. Braun
, T. M. Briggs

P. M. Celliers, H. Chen, C. Choate, L. Divol, T. Döppner, D. Fittinghoff, M. J. Edwards, M. Gatu Johnson, N. Gharibyan, S. Haan, K. D. Hahn, E. Hartouni, D. E. Hinkel, D. D. Ho, M. Hohenberger, J. P. Holder, H. Huang, N. Izumi, J. Jeet, O. Jones, S. M. Kerr, S. F. Khan, H. Geppert Kleinrath, V. Geppert Kleinrath, C. Kong, K. M. Lamb, S. Le Pape, N. C. Lemos, J. D. Lindl, B. J. Macgowan, A. J. Mackinnon, A. G. Macphee, E. V. Marley, K. Meaney, M. Millot, A. S. Moore, K. Newman, J. M.G. Di Nicola, A. Nikroo, R. Nora, P. K. Patel, N. G. Rice, M. S. Rubery, J. Sater, D. J. Schlossberg, S. M. Sepke, K. Sequoia, S. J. Shin, M. Stadermann, S. Stoupin, D. J. Strozzi, C. A. Thomas, R. Tommasini, C. Trosseille, E. R. Tubman, P. L. Volegov, C. Wild, D. T. Woods, S. T. Yang

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

Abstract

We present the design of the first igniting fusion plasma in the laboratory by Lawson's criterion that produced 1.37 MJ of fusion energy, Hybrid-E experiment N210808 (August 8, 2021) [Phys. Rev. Lett. 129, 075001 (2022)10.1103/PhysRevLett.129.075001]. This design uses the indirect drive inertial confinement fusion approach to heat and compress a central "hot spot"of deuterium-tritium (DT) fuel using a surrounding dense DT fuel piston. Ignition occurs when the heating from absorption of α particles created in the fusion process overcomes the loss mechanisms in the system for a duration of time. This letter describes key design changes which enabled a ∼3-6× increase in an ignition figure of merit (generalized Lawson criterion) [Phys. Plasmas 28, 022704 (2021)1070-664X10.1063/5.0035583, Phys. Plasmas 25, 122704 (2018)1070-664X10.1063/1.5049595]) and an eightfold increase in fusion energy output compared to predecessor experiments. We present simulations of the hot-spot conditions for experiment N210808 that show fundamentally different behavior compared to predecessor experiments and simulated metrics that are consistent with N210808 reaching for the first time in the laboratory "ignition."

Original language	English
Article number	025201
Journal	Physical Review E
Volume	106
Issue number	2
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevE.106.025201
Publication status	Published - 1 Aug 2022

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10.1103/PhysRevE.106.025201

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Kritcher, A. L., Zylstra, A. B., Callahan, D. A., Hurricane, O. A., Weber, C. R., Clark, D. S., Young, C. V., Ralph, J. E., Casey, D. T., Pak, A., Landen, O. L., Bachmann, B., Baker, K. L., Berzak Hopkins, L., Bhandarkar, S. D., Biener, J., Bionta, R. M., Birge, N. W., Braun, T., ... Yang, S. T. (2022). Design of an inertial fusion experiment exceeding the Lawson criterion for ignition. Physical Review E, 106(2), Article 025201. https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevE.106.025201

@article{b9fb43fc3ad145b0823249cfef9975d3,

title = "Design of an inertial fusion experiment exceeding the Lawson criterion for ignition",

abstract = "We present the design of the first igniting fusion plasma in the laboratory by Lawson's criterion that produced 1.37 MJ of fusion energy, Hybrid-E experiment N210808 (August 8, 2021) [Phys. Rev. Lett. 129, 075001 (2022)10.1103/PhysRevLett.129.075001]. This design uses the indirect drive inertial confinement fusion approach to heat and compress a central {"}hot spot{"}of deuterium-tritium (DT) fuel using a surrounding dense DT fuel piston. Ignition occurs when the heating from absorption of α particles created in the fusion process overcomes the loss mechanisms in the system for a duration of time. This letter describes key design changes which enabled a ∼3-6× increase in an ignition figure of merit (generalized Lawson criterion) [Phys. Plasmas 28, 022704 (2021)1070-664X10.1063/5.0035583, Phys. Plasmas 25, 122704 (2018)1070-664X10.1063/1.5049595]) and an eightfold increase in fusion energy output compared to predecessor experiments. We present simulations of the hot-spot conditions for experiment N210808 that show fundamentally different behavior compared to predecessor experiments and simulated metrics that are consistent with N210808 reaching for the first time in the laboratory {"}ignition.{"}",

author = "Kritcher, \{A. L.\} and Zylstra, \{A. B.\} and Callahan, \{D. A.\} and Hurricane, \{O. A.\} and Weber, \{C. R.\} and Clark, \{D. S.\} and Young, \{C. V.\} and Ralph, \{J. E.\} and Casey, \{D. T.\} and A. Pak and Landen, \{O. L.\} and B. Bachmann and Baker, \{K. L.\} and \{Berzak Hopkins\}, L. and Bhandarkar, \{S. D.\} and J. Biener and Bionta, \{R. M.\} and Birge, \{N. W.\} and T. Braun and Briggs, \{T. M.\} and Celliers, \{P. M.\} and H. Chen and C. Choate and L. Divol and T. D{\"o}ppner and D. Fittinghoff and Edwards, \{M. J.\} and \{Gatu Johnson\}, M. and N. Gharibyan and S. Haan and Hahn, \{K. D.\} and E. Hartouni and Hinkel, \{D. E.\} and Ho, \{D. D.\} and M. Hohenberger and Holder, \{J. P.\} and H. Huang and N. Izumi and J. Jeet and O. Jones and Kerr, \{S. M.\} and Khan, \{S. F.\} and \{Geppert Kleinrath\}, H. and \{Geppert Kleinrath\}, V. and C. Kong and Lamb, \{K. M.\} and \{Le Pape\}, S. and Lemos, \{N. C.\} and Lindl, \{J. D.\} and Macgowan, \{B. J.\} and Mackinnon, \{A. J.\} and Macphee, \{A. G.\} and Marley, \{E. V.\} and K. Meaney and M. Millot and Moore, \{A. S.\} and K. Newman and \{Di Nicola\}, \{J. M.G.\} and A. Nikroo and R. Nora and Patel, \{P. K.\} and Rice, \{N. G.\} and Rubery, \{M. S.\} and J. Sater and Schlossberg, \{D. J.\} and Sepke, \{S. M.\} and K. Sequoia and Shin, \{S. J.\} and M. Stadermann and S. Stoupin and Strozzi, \{D. J.\} and Thomas, \{C. A.\} and R. Tommasini and C. Trosseille and Tubman, \{E. R.\} and Volegov, \{P. L.\} and C. Wild and Woods, \{D. T.\} and Yang, \{S. T.\}",

note = "Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2022 authors. Published by the American Physical Society. Published by the American Physical Society under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International license. Further distribution of this work must maintain attribution to the author(s) and the published article's title, journal citation, and DOI.",

year = "2022",

month = aug,

day = "1",

doi = "10.1103/PhysRevE.106.025201",

language = "English",

volume = "106",

journal = "Physical Review E",

issn = "2470-0045",

number = "2",

}

Kritcher, AL, Zylstra, AB, Callahan, DA, Hurricane, OA, Weber, CR, Clark, DS, Young, CV, Ralph, JE, Casey, DT, Pak, A, Landen, OL, Bachmann, B, Baker, KL, Berzak Hopkins, L, Bhandarkar, SD, Biener, J, Bionta, RM, Birge, NW, Braun, T, Briggs, TM, Celliers, PM, Chen, H, Choate, C, Divol, L, Döppner, T, Fittinghoff, D, Edwards, MJ, Gatu Johnson, M, Gharibyan, N, Haan, S, Hahn, KD, Hartouni, E, Hinkel, DE, Ho, DD, Hohenberger, M, Holder, JP, Huang, H, Izumi, N, Jeet, J, Jones, O, Kerr, SM, Khan, SF, Geppert Kleinrath, H, Geppert Kleinrath, V, Kong, C, Lamb, KM, Le Pape, S, Lemos, NC, Lindl, JD, Macgowan, BJ, Mackinnon, AJ, Macphee, AG, Marley, EV, Meaney, K, Millot, M, Moore, AS, Newman, K, Di Nicola, JMG, Nikroo, A, Nora, R, Patel, PK, Rice, NG, Rubery, MS, Sater, J, Schlossberg, DJ, Sepke, SM, Sequoia, K, Shin, SJ, Stadermann, M, Stoupin, S, Strozzi, DJ, Thomas, CA, Tommasini, R, Trosseille, C, Tubman, ER, Volegov, PL, Wild, C, Woods, DT & Yang, ST 2022, 'Design of an inertial fusion experiment exceeding the Lawson criterion for ignition', Physical Review E, vol. 106, no. 2, 025201. https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevE.106.025201

TY - JOUR

T1 - Design of an inertial fusion experiment exceeding the Lawson criterion for ignition

AU - Kritcher, A. L.

AU - Zylstra, A. B.

AU - Callahan, D. A.

AU - Hurricane, O. A.

AU - Weber, C. R.

AU - Clark, D. S.

AU - Young, C. V.

AU - Ralph, J. E.

AU - Casey, D. T.

AU - Pak, A.

AU - Landen, O. L.

AU - Bachmann, B.

AU - Baker, K. L.

AU - Berzak Hopkins, L.

AU - Bhandarkar, S. D.

AU - Biener, J.

AU - Bionta, R. M.

AU - Birge, N. W.

AU - Braun, T.

AU - Briggs, T. M.

AU - Celliers, P. M.

AU - Chen, H.

AU - Choate, C.

AU - Divol, L.

AU - Döppner, T.

AU - Fittinghoff, D.

AU - Edwards, M. J.

AU - Gatu Johnson, M.

AU - Gharibyan, N.

AU - Haan, S.

AU - Hahn, K. D.

AU - Hartouni, E.

AU - Hinkel, D. E.

AU - Ho, D. D.

AU - Hohenberger, M.

AU - Holder, J. P.

AU - Huang, H.

AU - Izumi, N.

AU - Jeet, J.

AU - Jones, O.

AU - Kerr, S. M.

AU - Khan, S. F.

AU - Geppert Kleinrath, H.

AU - Geppert Kleinrath, V.

AU - Kong, C.

AU - Lamb, K. M.

AU - Le Pape, S.

AU - Lemos, N. C.

AU - Lindl, J. D.

AU - Macgowan, B. J.

AU - Mackinnon, A. J.

AU - Macphee, A. G.

AU - Marley, E. V.

AU - Meaney, K.

AU - Millot, M.

AU - Moore, A. S.

AU - Newman, K.

AU - Di Nicola, J. M.G.

AU - Nikroo, A.

AU - Nora, R.

AU - Patel, P. K.

AU - Rice, N. G.

AU - Rubery, M. S.

AU - Sater, J.

AU - Schlossberg, D. J.

AU - Sepke, S. M.

AU - Sequoia, K.

AU - Shin, S. J.

AU - Stadermann, M.

AU - Stoupin, S.

AU - Strozzi, D. J.

AU - Thomas, C. A.

AU - Tommasini, R.

AU - Trosseille, C.

AU - Tubman, E. R.

AU - Volegov, P. L.

AU - Wild, C.

AU - Woods, D. T.

AU - Yang, S. T.

N1 - Publisher Copyright: © 2022 authors. Published by the American Physical Society. Published by the American Physical Society under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International license. Further distribution of this work must maintain attribution to the author(s) and the published article's title, journal citation, and DOI.

PY - 2022/8/1

Y1 - 2022/8/1

N2 - We present the design of the first igniting fusion plasma in the laboratory by Lawson's criterion that produced 1.37 MJ of fusion energy, Hybrid-E experiment N210808 (August 8, 2021) [Phys. Rev. Lett. 129, 075001 (2022)10.1103/PhysRevLett.129.075001]. This design uses the indirect drive inertial confinement fusion approach to heat and compress a central "hot spot"of deuterium-tritium (DT) fuel using a surrounding dense DT fuel piston. Ignition occurs when the heating from absorption of α particles created in the fusion process overcomes the loss mechanisms in the system for a duration of time. This letter describes key design changes which enabled a ∼3-6× increase in an ignition figure of merit (generalized Lawson criterion) [Phys. Plasmas 28, 022704 (2021)1070-664X10.1063/5.0035583, Phys. Plasmas 25, 122704 (2018)1070-664X10.1063/1.5049595]) and an eightfold increase in fusion energy output compared to predecessor experiments. We present simulations of the hot-spot conditions for experiment N210808 that show fundamentally different behavior compared to predecessor experiments and simulated metrics that are consistent with N210808 reaching for the first time in the laboratory "ignition."

AB - We present the design of the first igniting fusion plasma in the laboratory by Lawson's criterion that produced 1.37 MJ of fusion energy, Hybrid-E experiment N210808 (August 8, 2021) [Phys. Rev. Lett. 129, 075001 (2022)10.1103/PhysRevLett.129.075001]. This design uses the indirect drive inertial confinement fusion approach to heat and compress a central "hot spot"of deuterium-tritium (DT) fuel using a surrounding dense DT fuel piston. Ignition occurs when the heating from absorption of α particles created in the fusion process overcomes the loss mechanisms in the system for a duration of time. This letter describes key design changes which enabled a ∼3-6× increase in an ignition figure of merit (generalized Lawson criterion) [Phys. Plasmas 28, 022704 (2021)1070-664X10.1063/5.0035583, Phys. Plasmas 25, 122704 (2018)1070-664X10.1063/1.5049595]) and an eightfold increase in fusion energy output compared to predecessor experiments. We present simulations of the hot-spot conditions for experiment N210808 that show fundamentally different behavior compared to predecessor experiments and simulated metrics that are consistent with N210808 reaching for the first time in the laboratory "ignition."

U2 - 10.1103/PhysRevE.106.025201

DO - 10.1103/PhysRevE.106.025201

M3 - Article

C2 - 36110025

AN - SCOPUS:85136151246

SN - 2470-0045

VL - 106

JO - Physical Review E

JF - Physical Review E

IS - 2

M1 - 025201

ER -

Design of an inertial fusion experiment exceeding the Lawson criterion for ignition

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