Directed transport of Brownian particles in a double symmetric potential

The dynamics of Brownian particles in internal and state-dependent symmetric and periodic potentials, was investigated. A simple scheme in which ratchet effects can be observed in symmetric potentials, was proposed. The system considers a low-damped Brownian particle minimally in a two-state potential with shifted minima and different transition rates. The results show that directed motion is induced whenever the minima of the different potentials are shifted and for different transition rates.