Dissipation and diamagnetic effects on the interchange mode growth rate and rotation in reduced magnetohydrodynamics applied to stellarators

The results of a reduced magnetohydrodynamic model for the interchange mode in a stellarator are reported. The model is based on Strauss equations, with the addition of resistivity, viscosity and perpendicular heat conductivity on the one hand, and ion and electron diamagnetic effects on the other hand. The ideally unstable and stable mode growth rate and frequency are studied. The main result is that the ideally unstable mode can rotate in the electron direction even in the absence of electron diamagnetic effects, due to a linear bifurcation caused by the heat conductivity. The presence of the bifurcation is explained analytically. The diamagnetic effects can be destabilizing. For the ideally stable (resistive) mode, we find that the presence of viscosity and heat conductivity causes rotation in the electron direction in the case where T_e = T_i.