First Evidence for Mixing-Induced (Formula presented) Violation in (Formula presented) Decays in (Formula presented) Collisions at (Formula presented)

CMS Collaboration

doi:10.1103/ctqx-vxrj

First Evidence for Mixing-Induced (Formula presented) Violation in (Formula presented) Decays in (Formula presented) Collisions at (Formula presented)

CMS Collaboration

Yerevan Physics Institute
Yerevan State University
Institut für Hochenergiephysik
Vienna University of Technology
University of Antwerp
Vrjie Universiteit Brussel
Ghent University
Université Libre de Bruxelles
University of Louvain
Centro Brasileiro de Pesquisas Fisicas
Rua São Francisco de Xavier
University of Campinas (UNICAMP)
Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul
São Paulo State University
Institute for Nuclear Research and Nuclear Energy Bulgarian Academy of Sciences
University of Sofia
Universidad de Tarapacá
Beihang University
Tsinghua University
Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences
University of Chinese Academy of Sciences
China Center of Advanced Science and Technology World Laboratory
China Spallation Neutron Source
State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Physics and Technology
South China Normal University
Sun Yat-Sen University
University of Science and Technology of China
Nanjing Normal University
Henan Normal University
University of Shanghai for Science and Technology
University of Iowa
Fudan University
Zhejiang University
Universidad de Los Andes, Colombia
Universidad de Antioquia
Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Mechanical Engineering and Naval Architecture, University of Split
Faculty of Science, University of Split
Ruđer Bošković Institute
European Organization for Nuclear Research
University of Cyprus
Charles University
Escuela Politecnica Nacional
Universidad San Francisco de Quito
Egyptian Network of High Energy Physics
Zewail City of Science and Technology
British University in Egypt
Ain Shams University
Fayoum University
National Institute of Chemical Physics and Biophysics, Tallinn
University of Helsinki
Helsinki Institute of Physics
LUT University
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Purdue University
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Institut de Physique des 2 Infinis de Lyon
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Georgian Technical University
RWTH Aachen University
The University of the State of Amazonas
c/o DESY
Universität Hamburg
Bergische Universität Gesamthochschule Wuppertal
Joint Faculty of the Brandenburg University of Technology Cottbus Senftenberg
Research Centre Julich
Institute of Meteorology and Climate Research
NCSR Demokritos
University of Athens
National Technical University of Athens
University of Ioannina
Wigner Research Centre for Physics
Institute of Nuclear Research ATOMKI
Universitatea Babes-Bolyai — Facultatea de Fizica
Eötvös Loránd University
Faculty of Science
University of Debrecen
Eszterhazy Karoly University
Panjab University
Punjab Agricultural University
University of Delhi
Saha Institute of Nuclear Physics
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Indian Institute of Science
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An OCC of Homi Bhabha National Institute
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Institute of Physics Bhubaneswar
Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER)
University of Hyderabad
Isfahan University of Technology
Sharif University of Technology
Institute for Research in Fundamental Sciences (IPM)
University of Science and Technology of Mazandaran, Behshahr
Arak University
University College Dublin
INFN Sezione di Bari
Università degli studi di Bari Aldo Moro
Politecnico di Bari
Helwan University
INFN Sezione di Bologna
University of Bologna
ENEA Climate Modeling and Impacts
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Università degli Studi di Catania
CSFNSM
Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Firenze
University of Florence
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Luleå University of Technology
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Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Pisa
Scuola Normale Superiore di Pisa
University of Pisa
University of Siena
Sezione di Roma
University of Rome
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Laboratory of Molecular Pathology
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Kyungpook National University
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Sejong University
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Yonsei University
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University of Latvia (LU)
Vilnius University
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Universidad de Sonora
CINVESTAV-IPN
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Universidad Iberoamericana
Benemerita Universidad Autonoma de Puebla
University of Montenegro
University of Canterbury
Quaid-i-Azam University
Agh University of Science and Technology Faculty of Computer Science
National Centre for Nuclear Research
University of Warsaw
Warsaw University of Technology
Lisboa
University of Belgrade
University of Belgrade
Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas Medioambientales y Tecnológicas (CIEMAT)
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Adiyaman University
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Bozok Universitesi Rektörlügü
Bogazici University
Marmara University
Milli Savunma University
Kafkas University
Istanbul Technical University
stanbul Okan University
Hacettepe University
Istanbul University
Erzincan University
Istanbul University — Cerrahpasa
Yildiz Technical University
Academy of Science of Ukraine
Kharkov Institute of Physics and Technology
University of Bristol
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The United States Naval Academy
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Institute of Nuclear Physics of the Uzbekistan Academy of Sciences

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Abstract

A novel machine-learning-based flavor-tagging algorithm combining same-side and opposite-side tagging is used to obtain the equivalent of 27 500 tagged (Formula presented) decays from (Formula presented) collisions at (Formula presented), collected by the CMS experiment and corresponding to an integrated luminosity of (Formula presented). A time- and flavor-dependent angular analysis of the (Formula presented) final state, consistent with a (Formula presented) decay, is used to measure parameters of the (Formula presented) system. The weak phase is measured to be (Formula presented), which, combined with the (Formula presented) CMS result, gives (Formula presented). This value differs from zero by 3.2 standard deviations, providing the first evidence for mixing-induced (Formula presented) violation in (Formula presented) decays. All measured physics parameters are found to agree with standard model predictions where available.

Original language	English
Article number	181801
Journal	Physical Review Letters
Volume	136
Issue number	18
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1103/ctqx-vxrj
Publication status	Published - 8 May 2026

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10.1103/ctqx-vxrj

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@article{ced26e539edc4488ab707fd3cd40c2c9,

title = "First Evidence for Mixing-Induced (Formula presented) Violation in (Formula presented) Decays in (Formula presented) Collisions at (Formula presented)",

abstract = "A novel machine-learning-based flavor-tagging algorithm combining same-side and opposite-side tagging is used to obtain the equivalent of 27 500 tagged (Formula presented) decays from (Formula presented) collisions at (Formula presented), collected by the CMS experiment and corresponding to an integrated luminosity of (Formula presented). A time- and flavor-dependent angular analysis of the (Formula presented) final state, consistent with a (Formula presented) decay, is used to measure parameters of the (Formula presented) system. The weak phase is measured to be (Formula presented), which, combined with the (Formula presented) CMS result, gives (Formula presented). This value differs from zero by 3.2 standard deviations, providing the first evidence for mixing-induced (Formula presented) violation in (Formula presented) decays. All measured physics parameters are found to agree with standard model predictions where available.",

author = "\{CMS Collaboration\} and A. Hayrapetyan and A. Tumasyan and W. Adam and Andrejkovic, \{J. W.\} and L. Benato and T. Bergauer and S. Chatterjee and K. Damanakis and M. Dragicevic and Hussain, \{P. S.\} and M. Jeitler and N. Krammer and A. Li and D. Liko and I. Mikulec and J. Schieck and R. Sch{\"o}fbeck and D. Schwarz and M. Sonawane and W. Waltenberger and Wulz, \{C. E.\} and T. Janssen and \{Van Laer\}, T. and \{Van Mechelen\}, P. and N. Breugelmans and J. D{\textquoteright}Hondt and S. Dansana and \{De Moor\}, A. and M. Delcourt and F. Heyen and S. Lowette and I. Makarenko and D. M{\"u}ller and S. Tavernier and M. Tytgat and \{Van Onsem\}, \{G. P.\} and \{Van Putte\}, S. and D. Vannerom and B. Bilin and B. Clerbaux and F. Beaudette and A. Cappati and O. Davignon and \{De Wit\}, A. and \{Granier de Cassagnac\}, R. and M. Nguyen and C. Ochando and Y. Sirois and A. Zabi and A. Zghiche",

note = "Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2026 CERN, for the CMS Collaboration.",

year = "2026",

month = may,

day = "8",

doi = "10.1103/ctqx-vxrj",

language = "English",

volume = "136",

journal = "Physical Review Letters",

issn = "0031-9007",

number = "18",

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TY - JOUR

T1 - First Evidence for Mixing-Induced (Formula presented) Violation in (Formula presented) Decays in (Formula presented) Collisions at (Formula presented)

AU - CMS Collaboration

AU - Hayrapetyan, A.

AU - Tumasyan, A.

AU - Adam, W.

AU - Andrejkovic, J. W.

AU - Benato, L.

AU - Bergauer, T.

AU - Chatterjee, S.

AU - Damanakis, K.

AU - Dragicevic, M.

AU - Hussain, P. S.

AU - Jeitler, M.

AU - Krammer, N.

AU - Li, A.

AU - Liko, D.

AU - Mikulec, I.

AU - Schieck, J.

AU - Schöfbeck, R.

AU - Schwarz, D.

AU - Sonawane, M.

AU - Waltenberger, W.

AU - Wulz, C. E.

AU - Janssen, T.

AU - Van Laer, T.

AU - Van Mechelen, P.

AU - Breugelmans, N.

AU - D’Hondt, J.

AU - Dansana, S.

AU - De Moor, A.

AU - Delcourt, M.

AU - Heyen, F.

AU - Lowette, S.

AU - Makarenko, I.

AU - Müller, D.

AU - Tavernier, S.

AU - Tytgat, M.

AU - Van Onsem, G. P.

AU - Van Putte, S.

AU - Vannerom, D.

AU - Bilin, B.

AU - Clerbaux, B.

AU - Beaudette, F.

AU - Cappati, A.

AU - Davignon, O.

AU - De Wit, A.

AU - Granier de Cassagnac, R.

AU - Nguyen, M.

AU - Ochando, C.

AU - Sirois, Y.

AU - Zabi, A.

AU - Zghiche, A.

PY - 2026/5/8

Y1 - 2026/5/8

N2 - A novel machine-learning-based flavor-tagging algorithm combining same-side and opposite-side tagging is used to obtain the equivalent of 27 500 tagged (Formula presented) decays from (Formula presented) collisions at (Formula presented), collected by the CMS experiment and corresponding to an integrated luminosity of (Formula presented). A time- and flavor-dependent angular analysis of the (Formula presented) final state, consistent with a (Formula presented) decay, is used to measure parameters of the (Formula presented) system. The weak phase is measured to be (Formula presented), which, combined with the (Formula presented) CMS result, gives (Formula presented). This value differs from zero by 3.2 standard deviations, providing the first evidence for mixing-induced (Formula presented) violation in (Formula presented) decays. All measured physics parameters are found to agree with standard model predictions where available.

AB - A novel machine-learning-based flavor-tagging algorithm combining same-side and opposite-side tagging is used to obtain the equivalent of 27 500 tagged (Formula presented) decays from (Formula presented) collisions at (Formula presented), collected by the CMS experiment and corresponding to an integrated luminosity of (Formula presented). A time- and flavor-dependent angular analysis of the (Formula presented) final state, consistent with a (Formula presented) decay, is used to measure parameters of the (Formula presented) system. The weak phase is measured to be (Formula presented), which, combined with the (Formula presented) CMS result, gives (Formula presented). This value differs from zero by 3.2 standard deviations, providing the first evidence for mixing-induced (Formula presented) violation in (Formula presented) decays. All measured physics parameters are found to agree with standard model predictions where available.

UR - https://www.scopus.com/pages/publications/105038901708

U2 - 10.1103/ctqx-vxrj

DO - 10.1103/ctqx-vxrj

M3 - Article

AN - SCOPUS:105038901708

SN - 0031-9007

VL - 136

JO - Physical Review Letters

JF - Physical Review Letters

IS - 18

M1 - 181801

ER -

First Evidence for Mixing-Induced (Formula presented) Violation in (Formula presented) Decays in (Formula presented) Collisions at (Formula presented)

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