Flux et sources des polluants prioritaires dans les eaux urbaines en lien avec l'usage du territoire

The introduction of pollutants into the environment may be related to urban water (treated or not) discharges in the watercourses. There is few data available on watercourses' quality, and especially on Water Framework Directive (WFD) pollutants. Thus, this article aims at evaluating the quality of stormwater (EP, n=20) and wastewater (EUTS, n=8) according to an innovative methodology known as "screening". This is a targeted search of 88 urban pollutants on both dissolved and particulate phases. The results show that it is necessary to take account of these two fractions in the characterization of the quality of samples to avoid underestimation of the levels associated with conventional analysis of crude sample. Metals, organotins, Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs), Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), alkylphenols, chlorophenols, Volatile Organic Carbons (VOCs), pesticides and phthalates are ubiquitous in urban areas, but their concentrations vary between EP and EUTS. Pollutants in EP were mostly particle-bound while the pollution was distributed between dissolved and particulate phases for EUTS. Regardless the type of land use, EP generate comparable concentrations and fluxes. For some substances, atmospheric deposition represent a major source contributing to pollution of the EP. Moreover, the evaluation of stormwater quality has shown that some of the compounds would have an impact on receiving waters if released without treatment.