In vitro bioactivity of sol-gel-derived hydroxyapatite particulate nanofiber modified titanium

A chemically-etched titanium surface was modified by electrospinning a sol-gel-derived hydroxyapatite (HAp) that was subjected to calcination within the temperature range of 200-1400°C in the normative atmospheric condition. After heat treatment, crystal structures of the filmed titanium oxide and HAp on the titanium's surface were identified using wide-angle X-ray diffraction. A highly porous layer of HAp was found to have formed on the oxidized titanium surfaces. The surfaces of three different samples; (1) electrospun HAp, (2) HAp calcined at 600°C, and (3) HAp calcined at 800°C, were investigated for their ability to foster promotion, proliferation, and differentiation of human osteoblasts (HOB) (in the 9th passage) in vitro up to 6 days. Among the three samples, cells cultured on the HAp calcined at 800°C titanium surfaces displayed the best results with regard to adhesion, growth, and proliferation of HOB. This novel method for fabrication of titanium substrates would provide a promising improvement for titanium-based medical devices over the current standards, which lack such substrates. These titanium substrates explicitly provide enhanced HOB proliferation in terms of both desired surface properties and their produced bulk quantity.