Influence of the molecular design on the antifouling performance of poly(ethylene glycol) monolayers grafted on (111) Si

Various poly(ethylene glycol) monomethyl ether moieties were grafted onto hydrogenated silicon surfaces in order to investigate the influence of the molecular design on the antifouling performance of such coatings. The grafted chains were either oligo(ethylene oxide) chains (EG)_nOMe bound to silicon via Si-O-C covalent bonds, or hybrid alkyl/oligo(ethylene oxide) chains C_p(EG)_nOMe bound via Si-C covalent bonds (from home-synthesized precursors). Quantitative IR spectroscopy gave the molecular coverage of the grafted layers, and AFM imaging demonstrated that a proper surfactinated rinse yields C_p(EG)_nOMe layers free of unwanted residues. The protein-repellent character of these grafted layers (here, toward BSA) was studied by IR and AFM imaging. C_p(EG) _nOMe layers exhibit a lower surface concentration than (EG) _nOMe layers, because of the presence of a solvent in the grafting solution; they however demonstrate high resistance against BSA adsorption for high values of the n/p ratio and a higher stability than (EG)_nOMe. This behavior is consistently explained by the poor ordering capability of the alkyl part of the layer, contrary to what is observed for similar layers on Au, and the key role of an entangled arrangement of the ethylene oxide chains which forms when these chains are long enough.