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Monte Carlo studies for the optimisation of the Cherenkov Telescope Array layout

  • A. Acharyya
  • , I. Agudo
  • , E. O. Angüner
  • , R. Alfaro
  • , J. Alfaro
  • , C. Alispach
  • , R. Aloisio
  • , R. Alves Batista
  • , J. P. Amans
  • , L. Amati
  • , E. Amato
  • , G. Ambrosi
  • , L. A. Antonelli
  • , C. Aramo
  • , T. Armstrong
  • , F. Arqueros
  • , L. Arrabito
  • , K. Asano
  • , H. Ashkar
  • , C. Balazs
  • M. Balbo, B. Balmaverde, P. Barai, A. Barbano, M. Barkov, U. Barres de Almeida, J. A. Barrio, D. Bastieri, J. Becerra González, J. Becker Tjus, L. Bellizzi, W. Benbow, E. Bernardini, M. I. Bernardos, K. Bernlöhr, A. Berti, M. Berton, B. Bertucci, V. Beshley, B. Biasuzzi, C. Bigongiari, R. Bird, E. Bissaldi, J. Biteau, O. Blanch, J. Blazek, C. Boisson, G. Bonanno, A. Bonardi, C. Bonavolontá, G. Bonnoli, P. Bordas, M. Böttcher, J. Bregeon, A. Brill, A. M. Brown, K. Brügge, P. Brun, P. Bruno, A. Bulgarelli, T. Bulik, M. Burton, A. Burtovoi, G. Busetto, R. Cameron, R. Canestrari, M. Capalbi, A. Caproni, R. Capuzzo-Dolcetta, P. Caraveo, S. Caroff, R. Carosi, S. Casanova, E. Cascone, F. Cassol, F. Catalani, O. Catalano, D. Cauz, M. Cerruti, S. Chaty, A. Chen, M. Chernyakova, G. Chiaro, M. Cieślar, S. M. Colak, V. Conforti, E. Congiu, J. L. Contreras, J. Cortina, A. Costa, H. Costantini, G. Cotter, P. Cristofari, P. Cumani, G. Cusumano, A. D'Aí, F. D'Ammando, L. Dangeon, P. Da Vela, F. Dazzi, A. De Angelis, V. De Caprio, R. de Cássia dos Anjos, F. De Frondat, E. M. de Gouveia Dal Pino, B. De Lotto, D. De Martino, M. de Naurois, E. de Oña Wilhelmi, F. de Palma, V. de Souza, M. Del Santo, C. Delgado, D. della Volpe, T. Di Girolamo, F. Di Pierro, L. Di Venere, C. Díaz, S. Diebold, A. Djannati-Ataï, A. Dmytriiev, D. Dominis Prester, A. Donini, D. Dorner, M. Doro, J. L. Dournaux, J. Ebr, T. R.N. Ekoume, D. Elsässer, G. Emery, D. Falceta-Goncalves, E. Fedorova, S. Fegan, Q. Feng, G. Ferrand, E. Fiandrini, A. Fiasson, M. Filipovic, V. Fioretti, M. Fiori, S. Flis, M. V. Fonseca, G. Fontaine, L. Freixas Coromina, S. Fukami, Y. Fukui, S. Funk, M. Füßling, D. Gaggero, G. Galanti, R. J. Garcia López, M. Garczarczyk, D. Gascon, T. Gasparetto, M. Gaug, A. Ghalumyan, F. Gianotti, G. Giavitto, N. Giglietto, F. Giordano, M. Giroletti, J. Gironnet, J. F. Glicenstein, R. Gnatyk, P. Goldoni, J. M. González, M. M. González, K. N. Gourgouliatos, T. Grabarczyk, J. Granot, D. Green, T. 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Manganaro, S. Mangano, M. Marculewicz, M. Mariotti, J. Martí, M. Martínez, G. Martínez, H. Martínez-Huerta, S. Masuda, N. Maxted, D. Mazin, J. L. Meunier, M. Meyer, S. Micanovic, R. Millul, I. A. Minaya, A. Mitchell, T. Mizuno, R. Moderski, L. Mohrmann, T. Montaruli, A. Moralejo, D. Morcuende, G. Morlino, A. Morselli, E. Moulin, R. Mukherjee, P. Munar, C. Mundell, T. Murach, A. Nagai, T. Nagayoshi, T. Naito, T. Nakamori, R. Nemmen, J. Niemiec, D. Nieto, M. Nievas Rosillo, M. Nikołajuk, D. Ninci, K. Nishijima, K. Noda, D. Nosek, M. Nöthe, S. Nozaki, M. Ohishi, Y. Ohtani, A. Okumura, R. A. Ong, M. Orienti, R. Orito, M. Ostrowski, N. Otte, Z. Ou, I. Oya, A. Pagliaro, M. Palatiello, M. Palatka, R. Paoletti, J. M. Paredes, G. Pareschi, N. Parmiggiani, R. D. Parsons, B. Patricelli, A. Pe'er, M. Pech, P. Peñil Del Campo, J. Pérez-Romero, M. Perri, M. Persic, P. O. Petrucci, O. Petruk, K. Pfrang, Q. Piel, E. Pietropaolo, M. Pohl, M. Polo, J. Poutanen, E. Prandini, N. Produit, H. Prokoph, M. Prouza, H. Przybilski, G. Pühlhofer, M. Punch, F. Queiroz, A. Quirrenbach, S. Rainò, R. Rando, S. Razzaque, O. Reimer, N. Renault-Tinacci, Y. Renier, D. Ribeiro, M. Ribó, J. Rico, F. Rieger, V. Rizi, G. Rodriguez Fernandez, J. C. Rodriguez-Ramirez, J. J. Rodrí-guez Vázquez, P. Romano, G. Romeo, M. Roncadelli, J. Rosado, G. Rowell, B. Rudak, A. Rugliancich, C. Rulten, I. Sadeh, L. Saha, T. Saito, S. Sakurai, F. Salesa Greus, P. Sangiorgi, H. Sano, M. Santander, A. Santangelo, R. Santos-Lima, A. Sanuy, K. Satalecka, F. G. Saturni, U. Sawangwit, S. Schlenstedt, P. Schovanek, F. Schussler, U. Schwanke, E. Sciacca, S. Scuderi, K. Sedlaczek, M. Seglar-Arroyo, O. Sergijenko, K. Seweryn, A. Shalchi, R. C. Shellard, H. Siejkowski, A. Sillanpää, A. Sinha, G. Sironi, V. Sliusar, A. Slowikowska, H. Sol, A. Specovius, S. Spencer, G. Spengler, A. Stamerra, S. Stanič, Stawarz, S. Stefanik, T. Stolarczyk, U. Straumann, T. Suomijarvi, P. Świerk, T. Szepieniec, G. Tagliaferri, H. Tajima, T. Tam, F. Tavecchio, L. Taylor, L. A. Tejedor, P. Temnikov, T. Terzic, V. Testa, L. Tibaldo, C. J. Todero Peixoto, F. Tokanai, L. Tomankova, D. Tonev, D. F. Torres, G. Tosti, L. Tosti, N. Tothill, F. Toussenel, G. Tovmassian, P. Travnicek, C. Trichard, G. Umana, V. Vagelli, M. Valentino, B. Vallage, P. Vallania, L. Valore, J. Vandenbroucke, G. S. Varner, G. Vasileiadis, V. Vassiliev, M. Vázquez Acosta, M. Vecchi, S. Vercellone, S. Vergani, G. P. Vettolani, A. Viana, C. F. Vigorito, J. Vink, V. Vitale, H. Voelk, A. Vollhardt, S. Vorobiov, S. J. Wagner, R. Walter, F. Werner, R. White, A. Wierzcholska, M. Will, D. A. Williams, R. Wischnewski, L. Yang, T. Yoshida, T. Yoshikoshi, M. Zacharias, L. Zampieri, M. Zavrtanik, D. Zavrtanik, A. A. Zdziarski, A. Zech, H. Zechlin, A. Zenin, V. I. Zhdanov, S. Zimmer, J. Zorn
  • Durham University
  • Instituto de Astrofísica de Andalucía-CSIC
  • Aix Marseille Université
  • Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México
  • Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile
  • University of Geneva
  • Università Dell'Aquila
  • University of São Paulo
  • Sorbonne Univ.
  • INAF Istituto di Astrofisica Spaziale e Fisica Cosmica, Bologna
  • Osservatorio Astrofisico Di Arcetri
  • INFN Sezione di Perugia
  • Osservatorio Astronomico di Roma
  • INFN Sezione di Napoli
  • University of Oxford
  • IPARCOS-UCM (Instituto de Física de Partículas y del Cosmos)
  • Laboratoire Univers et Particules de Montpellier
  • University of Tokyo
  • Université Paris-Diderot
  • Monash University
  • Université de Genève
  • INAF Istituto di Astrofisica Spaziale e Fisica Cosmica, Milan
  • RIKEN (The Institute of Physical and Chemical Research)
  • Centro Brasileiro de Pesquisas Fisicas
  • University of Padova
  • Research Unit; CIBERNED and Universidad de La Laguna
  • Ruhr-University Bochum
  • University of Siena
  • Center for Astrophysics | Harvard & Smithsonian
  • c/o DESY
  • Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas Medioambientales y Tecnológicas (CIEMAT)
  • Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik
  • INFN Sezione di Torino
  • University of Perugia
  • Pidstryhach Institute for Applied Problems in Mechanics and Mathematics NASU
  • Université Paris-Sud
  • University of California, Los Angeles
  • INFN Sezione di Bari
  • The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology
  • Institute of Physics of the Czech Academy of Sciences
  • INAF Osservatorio Astrofisico di Catania
  • Radboud University
  • University of Barcelona
  • North-West University
  • Columbia University
  • University of Dortmund
  • University of Warsaw
  • Armagh Observatory
  • INAF Osservatorio Astronomico di Padova
  • Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology
  • INAF Istituto di Astrofisica Spaziale e Fisica Cosmica di Palermo
  • Universidade Cruzeiro do Sul
  • Sorbonne Université
  • Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Pisa
  • Institute for Nuclear Physics
  • Osservatorio Astronomico di Capodimonte
  • and Physics University of Udine
  • University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg
  • Dublin City University
  • INAF Istituto di Radioastronomia
  • Cherenkov Telescope Array Observatory
  • Universidade Federal Do Paraná - Setor Palotina
  • Université Paris-Saclay
  • Università degli studi di Bari Aldo Moro
  • University of Tübingen
  • CEA/UVSQ/CNRS
  • University of Rijeka
  • University of Würzburg
  • National University of Kyiv
  • LTHE (UMR 5564 CNRS/IRD/Université de Grenoble)
  • Western Sydney University
  • Nagoya University
  • Friedrich-Alexander University (FAU) Erlangen-Nürnberg and Universitätsklinikum Erlangen
  • University of Amsterdam
  • Instituto de Fisica Teorica
  • University of Trieste
  • University of São Paulo
  • Yerevan Physics Institute
  • Universidad Andres Bello
  • Academic Computer Centre CYFRONET AGH
  • The Open University of Israel
  • Max-Planck-Institut für Physik
  • University of Liverpool
  • Univ. Bordeaux
  • Konan University
  • University of California, Santa Cruz
  • KEK (High Energy Accelerator Research Organization)
  • Palacky University Olomouc
  • Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek
  • São Paulo State University
  • Sezione di Roma
  • Jagiellonian University
  • IRAP/CNRS
  • University of Iowa
  • University of Utah
  • Medical University of Innsbruck
  • Nicolaus Copernicus Astronomical Center of the Polish Academy of Sciences
  • Kyoto University
  • Tokai University
  • University of Leicester
  • Federal University of ABC (UFABC)
  • University of Turku
  • Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
  • University of Jaen
  • Saha Institute of Nuclear Physics
  • Institute for Nuclear Research and Nuclear Energy Bulgarian Academy of Sciences
  • University of Białystok
  • University of New South Wales
  • University of Zurich
  • Hiroshima University
  • INFN Roma Tor Vergata
  • Istituto di Astrofisica e Planetologia Spaziali (IAPS)
  • University of Bath, Department of Physics
  • Saitama University
  • Yamanashi-Gakuin University
  • Yamagata University
  • Charles University
  • Tokushima University
  • College of Computing
  • University of Potsdam
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  • Polish Academy of Sciences
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  • Institut d’Estudis Espacials de Catalunya (IEEC)
  • Pompeu Fabra University (UPF)
  • University of Hawaii
  • University of Groningen
  • Ibaraki University

Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

Abstract

The Cherenkov Telescope Array (CTA) is the major next-generation observatory for ground-based very-high-energy gamma-ray astronomy. It will improve the sensitivity of current ground-based instruments by a factor of five to twenty, depending on the energy, greatly improving both their angular and energy resolutions over four decades in energy (from 20 GeV to 300 TeV). This achievement will be possible by using tens of imaging Cherenkov telescopes of three successive sizes. They will be arranged into two arrays, one per hemisphere, located on the La Palma island (Spain) and in Paranal (Chile). We present here the optimised and final telescope arrays for both CTA sites, as well as their foreseen performance, resulting from the analysis of three different large-scale Monte Carlo productions.

Original languageEnglish
Pages (from-to)35-53
Number of pages19
JournalAstroparticle Physics
Volume111
DOIs
Publication statusPublished - 1 Sept 2019
Externally publishedYes

Keywords

  • Cherenkov telescopes
  • Cosmic rays
  • Gamma rays
  • IACT technique
  • Monte Carlo simulations

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