Observation of geo-neutrinos

G. Bellini; J. Benziger; S. Bonetti; M. Buizza Avanzini; B. Caccianiga; L. Cadonati; F. Calaprice; C. Carraro; A. Chavarria; F. Dalnoki-Veress; D. D'Angelo; S. Davini; H. de Kerret; A. Derbin; A. Etenko; G. Fiorentini; K. Fomenko; D. Franco; C. Galbiati; S. Gazzana; C. Ghiano; M. Giammarchi; M. Goeger-Neff; A. Goretti; E. Guardincerri; S. Hardy; Aldo Ianni; Andrea Ianni; M. Joyce; V. V. Kobychev; Y. Koshio; G. Korga; D. Kryn; M. Laubenstein; M. Leung; T. Lewke; E. Litvinovich; B. Loer; P. Lombardi; L. Ludhova; I. Machulin; S. Manecki; W. Maneschg; G. Manuzio; Q. Meindl; E. Meroni; L. Miramonti; M. Misiaszek; D. Montanari; V. Muratova; L. Oberauer; M. Obolensky; F. Ortica; M. Pallavicini; L. Papp; L. Perasso; S. Perasso; A. Pocar; R. S. Raghavan; G. Ranucci; A. Razeto; A. Re; B. Ricci; P. Risso; A. Romani; D. Rountree; A. Sabelnikov; R. Saldanha; C. Salvo; S. Schönert; H. Simgen; M. Skorokhvatov; O. Smirnov; A. Sotnikov; S. Sukhotin; Y. Suvorov; R. Tartaglia; G. Testera; D. Vignaud; R. B. Vogelaar; F. von Feilitzsch; J. Winter; M. Wojcik; A. Wright; M. Wurm; J. Xu; O. Zaimidoroga; S. Zavatarelli; G. Zuzel

doi:10.1016/j.physletb.2010.03.051

Observation of geo-neutrinos

G. Bellini
, J. Benziger
, S. Bonetti
, M. Buizza Avanzini
, B. Caccianiga
, L. Cadonati
, F. Calaprice
, C. Carraro
, A. Chavarria
, F. Dalnoki-Veress
, D. D'Angelo
, S. Davini
, H. de Kerret
, A. Derbin
, A. Etenko
, G. Fiorentini
, K. Fomenko
, D. Franco
, C. Galbiati
, S. Gazzana

C. Ghiano, M. Giammarchi, M. Goeger-Neff, A. Goretti, E. Guardincerri, S. Hardy, Aldo Ianni, Andrea Ianni, M. Joyce, V. V. Kobychev, Y. Koshio, G. Korga, D. Kryn, M. Laubenstein, M. Leung, T. Lewke, E. Litvinovich, B. Loer, P. Lombardi, L. Ludhova, I. Machulin, S. Manecki, W. Maneschg, G. Manuzio, Q. Meindl, E. Meroni, L. Miramonti, M. Misiaszek, D. Montanari, V. Muratova, L. Oberauer, M. Obolensky, F. Ortica, M. Pallavicini, L. Papp, L. Perasso, S. Perasso, A. Pocar, R. S. Raghavan, G. Ranucci, A. Razeto, A. Re, B. Ricci, P. Risso, A. Romani, D. Rountree, A. Sabelnikov, R. Saldanha, C. Salvo, S. Schönert, H. Simgen, M. Skorokhvatov, O. Smirnov, A. Sotnikov, S. Sukhotin, Y. Suvorov, R. Tartaglia, G. Testera, D. Vignaud, R. B. Vogelaar, F. von Feilitzsch, J. Winter, M. Wojcik, A. Wright, M. Wurm, J. Xu, O. Zaimidoroga, S. Zavatarelli, G. Zuzel

University of Milano
Princeton University
UMass Amherst
Princeton University
Università di Milano-Bicocca
Astroparticule and Cosmol APC
Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute (PNPI)
Kurchatov Institute
University of Ferrara
Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna
Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso
Technical University of Munich
Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University
Institute of Nuclear Research, National Academy of Sciences in Ukraine
Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik
Jagiellonian University
INFN Sezione di Perugia

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

Abstract

Geo-neutrinos, electron anti-neutrinos produced in β decays of naturally occurring radioactive isotopes in the Earth, are a unique direct probe of our planet's interior. We report the first observation at more than 3σ C.L. of geo-neutrinos, performed with the Borexino detector at Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso. Anti-neutrinos are detected through the neutron inverse β decay reaction. With a 252.6 ton yr fiducial exposure after all selection cuts, we detected 9.9^+4.1_-3.4(^+14.6_-8.2) geo-neutrino events, with errors corresponding to a 68.3% (99.73%) C.L. From the ln L profile, the statistical significance of the Borexino geo-neutrino observation corresponds to a 99.997% C.L. Our measurement of the geo-neutrinos rate is 3.9^+1.6_-1.3(^+5.8_-3.2) events/(100 ton yr). The observed prompt positron spectrum above 2.6 MeV is compatible with that expected from European nuclear reactors (mean base line of approximately 1000 km). Our measurement of reactor anti-neutrinos excludes the non-oscillation hypothesis at 99.60% C.L. This measurement rejects the hypothesis of an active geo-reactor in the Earth's core with a power above 3 TW at 95% C.L.

Original language	English
Pages (from-to)	299-304
Number of pages	6
Journal	Physics Letters, Section B: Nuclear, Elementary Particle and High-Energy Physics
Volume	687
Issue number	4-5
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.physletb.2010.03.051
Publication status	Published - 19 Apr 2010
Externally published	Yes

Keywords

Anti-neutrinos from reactors
Geo-neutrino
Neutrino detector

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10.1016/j.physletb.2010.03.051

Cite this

Bellini, G., Benziger, J., Bonetti, S., Avanzini, M. B., Caccianiga, B., Cadonati, L., Calaprice, F., Carraro, C., Chavarria, A., Dalnoki-Veress, F., D'Angelo, D., Davini, S., de Kerret, H., Derbin, A., Etenko, A., Fiorentini, G., Fomenko, K., Franco, D., Galbiati, C., ... Zuzel, G. (2010). Observation of geo-neutrinos. Physics Letters, Section B: Nuclear, Elementary Particle and High-Energy Physics, 687(4-5), 299-304. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.physletb.2010.03.051

@article{acccf5f18e864924b458710e7cbce461,

title = "Observation of geo-neutrinos",

abstract = "Geo-neutrinos, electron anti-neutrinos produced in β decays of naturally occurring radioactive isotopes in the Earth, are a unique direct probe of our planet's interior. We report the first observation at more than 3σ C.L. of geo-neutrinos, performed with the Borexino detector at Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso. Anti-neutrinos are detected through the neutron inverse β decay reaction. With a 252.6 ton yr fiducial exposure after all selection cuts, we detected 9.9+4.1-3.4(+14.6-8.2) geo-neutrino events, with errors corresponding to a 68.3\% (99.73\%) C.L. From the ln L profile, the statistical significance of the Borexino geo-neutrino observation corresponds to a 99.997\% C.L. Our measurement of the geo-neutrinos rate is 3.9+1.6-1.3(+5.8-3.2) events/(100 ton yr). The observed prompt positron spectrum above 2.6 MeV is compatible with that expected from European nuclear reactors (mean base line of approximately 1000 km). Our measurement of reactor anti-neutrinos excludes the non-oscillation hypothesis at 99.60\% C.L. This measurement rejects the hypothesis of an active geo-reactor in the Earth's core with a power above 3 TW at 95\% C.L.",

keywords = "Anti-neutrinos from reactors, Geo-neutrino, Neutrino detector",

author = "G. Bellini and J. Benziger and S. Bonetti and Avanzini, \{M. Buizza\} and B. Caccianiga and L. Cadonati and F. Calaprice and C. Carraro and A. Chavarria and F. Dalnoki-Veress and D. D'Angelo and S. Davini and \{de Kerret\}, H. and A. Derbin and A. Etenko and G. Fiorentini and K. Fomenko and D. Franco and C. Galbiati and S. Gazzana and C. Ghiano and M. Giammarchi and M. Goeger-Neff and A. Goretti and E. Guardincerri and S. Hardy and Aldo Ianni and Andrea Ianni and M. Joyce and Kobychev, \{V. V.\} and Y. Koshio and G. Korga and D. Kryn and M. Laubenstein and M. Leung and T. Lewke and E. Litvinovich and B. Loer and P. Lombardi and L. Ludhova and I. Machulin and S. Manecki and W. Maneschg and G. Manuzio and Q. Meindl and E. Meroni and L. Miramonti and M. Misiaszek and D. Montanari and V. Muratova and L. Oberauer and M. Obolensky and F. Ortica and M. Pallavicini and L. Papp and L. Perasso and S. Perasso and A. Pocar and Raghavan, \{R. S.\} and G. Ranucci and A. Razeto and A. Re and B. Ricci and P. Risso and A. Romani and D. Rountree and A. Sabelnikov and R. Saldanha and C. Salvo and S. Sch{\"o}nert and H. Simgen and M. Skorokhvatov and O. Smirnov and A. Sotnikov and S. Sukhotin and Y. Suvorov and R. Tartaglia and G. Testera and D. Vignaud and Vogelaar, \{R. B.\} and \{von Feilitzsch\}, F. and J. Winter and M. Wojcik and A. Wright and M. Wurm and J. Xu and O. Zaimidoroga and S. Zavatarelli and G. Zuzel",

year = "2010",

month = apr,

day = "19",

doi = "10.1016/j.physletb.2010.03.051",

language = "English",

volume = "687",

pages = "299--304",

journal = "Physics Letters, Section B: Nuclear, Elementary Particle and High-Energy Physics",

issn = "0370-2693",

number = "4-5",

}

Bellini, G, Benziger, J, Bonetti, S, Avanzini, MB, Caccianiga, B, Cadonati, L, Calaprice, F, Carraro, C, Chavarria, A, Dalnoki-Veress, F, D'Angelo, D, Davini, S, de Kerret, H, Derbin, A, Etenko, A, Fiorentini, G, Fomenko, K, Franco, D, Galbiati, C, Gazzana, S, Ghiano, C, Giammarchi, M, Goeger-Neff, M, Goretti, A, Guardincerri, E, Hardy, S, Ianni, A, Ianni, A, Joyce, M, Kobychev, VV, Koshio, Y, Korga, G, Kryn, D, Laubenstein, M, Leung, M, Lewke, T, Litvinovich, E, Loer, B, Lombardi, P, Ludhova, L, Machulin, I, Manecki, S, Maneschg, W, Manuzio, G, Meindl, Q, Meroni, E, Miramonti, L, Misiaszek, M, Montanari, D, Muratova, V, Oberauer, L, Obolensky, M, Ortica, F, Pallavicini, M, Papp, L, Perasso, L, Perasso, S, Pocar, A, Raghavan, RS, Ranucci, G, Razeto, A, Re, A, Ricci, B, Risso, P, Romani, A, Rountree, D, Sabelnikov, A, Saldanha, R, Salvo, C, Schönert, S, Simgen, H, Skorokhvatov, M, Smirnov, O, Sotnikov, A, Sukhotin, S, Suvorov, Y, Tartaglia, R, Testera, G, Vignaud, D, Vogelaar, RB, von Feilitzsch, F, Winter, J, Wojcik, M, Wright, A, Wurm, M, Xu, J, Zaimidoroga, O, Zavatarelli, S & Zuzel, G 2010, 'Observation of geo-neutrinos', Physics Letters, Section B: Nuclear, Elementary Particle and High-Energy Physics, vol. 687, no. 4-5, pp. 299-304. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.physletb.2010.03.051

TY - JOUR

T1 - Observation of geo-neutrinos

AU - Bellini, G.

AU - Benziger, J.

AU - Bonetti, S.

AU - Avanzini, M. Buizza

AU - Caccianiga, B.

AU - Cadonati, L.

AU - Calaprice, F.

AU - Carraro, C.

AU - Chavarria, A.

AU - Dalnoki-Veress, F.

AU - D'Angelo, D.

AU - Davini, S.

AU - de Kerret, H.

AU - Derbin, A.

AU - Etenko, A.

AU - Fiorentini, G.

AU - Fomenko, K.

AU - Franco, D.

AU - Galbiati, C.

AU - Gazzana, S.

AU - Ghiano, C.

AU - Giammarchi, M.

AU - Goeger-Neff, M.

AU - Goretti, A.

AU - Guardincerri, E.

AU - Hardy, S.

AU - Ianni, Aldo

AU - Ianni, Andrea

AU - Joyce, M.

AU - Kobychev, V. V.

AU - Koshio, Y.

AU - Korga, G.

AU - Kryn, D.

AU - Laubenstein, M.

AU - Leung, M.

AU - Lewke, T.

AU - Litvinovich, E.

AU - Loer, B.

AU - Lombardi, P.

AU - Ludhova, L.

AU - Machulin, I.

AU - Manecki, S.

AU - Maneschg, W.

AU - Manuzio, G.

AU - Meindl, Q.

AU - Meroni, E.

AU - Miramonti, L.

AU - Misiaszek, M.

AU - Montanari, D.

AU - Muratova, V.

AU - Oberauer, L.

AU - Obolensky, M.

AU - Ortica, F.

AU - Pallavicini, M.

AU - Papp, L.

AU - Perasso, L.

AU - Perasso, S.

AU - Pocar, A.

AU - Raghavan, R. S.

AU - Ranucci, G.

AU - Razeto, A.

AU - Re, A.

AU - Ricci, B.

AU - Risso, P.

AU - Romani, A.

AU - Rountree, D.

AU - Sabelnikov, A.

AU - Saldanha, R.

AU - Salvo, C.

AU - Schönert, S.

AU - Simgen, H.

AU - Skorokhvatov, M.

AU - Smirnov, O.

AU - Sotnikov, A.

AU - Sukhotin, S.

AU - Suvorov, Y.

AU - Tartaglia, R.

AU - Testera, G.

AU - Vignaud, D.

AU - Vogelaar, R. B.

AU - von Feilitzsch, F.

AU - Winter, J.

AU - Wojcik, M.

AU - Wright, A.

AU - Wurm, M.

AU - Xu, J.

AU - Zaimidoroga, O.

AU - Zavatarelli, S.

AU - Zuzel, G.

PY - 2010/4/19

Y1 - 2010/4/19

N2 - Geo-neutrinos, electron anti-neutrinos produced in β decays of naturally occurring radioactive isotopes in the Earth, are a unique direct probe of our planet's interior. We report the first observation at more than 3σ C.L. of geo-neutrinos, performed with the Borexino detector at Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso. Anti-neutrinos are detected through the neutron inverse β decay reaction. With a 252.6 ton yr fiducial exposure after all selection cuts, we detected 9.9+4.1-3.4(+14.6-8.2) geo-neutrino events, with errors corresponding to a 68.3% (99.73%) C.L. From the ln L profile, the statistical significance of the Borexino geo-neutrino observation corresponds to a 99.997% C.L. Our measurement of the geo-neutrinos rate is 3.9+1.6-1.3(+5.8-3.2) events/(100 ton yr). The observed prompt positron spectrum above 2.6 MeV is compatible with that expected from European nuclear reactors (mean base line of approximately 1000 km). Our measurement of reactor anti-neutrinos excludes the non-oscillation hypothesis at 99.60% C.L. This measurement rejects the hypothesis of an active geo-reactor in the Earth's core with a power above 3 TW at 95% C.L.

AB - Geo-neutrinos, electron anti-neutrinos produced in β decays of naturally occurring radioactive isotopes in the Earth, are a unique direct probe of our planet's interior. We report the first observation at more than 3σ C.L. of geo-neutrinos, performed with the Borexino detector at Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso. Anti-neutrinos are detected through the neutron inverse β decay reaction. With a 252.6 ton yr fiducial exposure after all selection cuts, we detected 9.9+4.1-3.4(+14.6-8.2) geo-neutrino events, with errors corresponding to a 68.3% (99.73%) C.L. From the ln L profile, the statistical significance of the Borexino geo-neutrino observation corresponds to a 99.997% C.L. Our measurement of the geo-neutrinos rate is 3.9+1.6-1.3(+5.8-3.2) events/(100 ton yr). The observed prompt positron spectrum above 2.6 MeV is compatible with that expected from European nuclear reactors (mean base line of approximately 1000 km). Our measurement of reactor anti-neutrinos excludes the non-oscillation hypothesis at 99.60% C.L. This measurement rejects the hypothesis of an active geo-reactor in the Earth's core with a power above 3 TW at 95% C.L.

KW - Anti-neutrinos from reactors

KW - Geo-neutrino

KW - Neutrino detector

UR - https://www.scopus.com/pages/publications/77950296088

U2 - 10.1016/j.physletb.2010.03.051

DO - 10.1016/j.physletb.2010.03.051

M3 - Article

AN - SCOPUS:77950296088

SN - 0370-2693

VL - 687

SP - 299

EP - 304

JO - Physics Letters, Section B: Nuclear, Elementary Particle and High-Energy Physics

JF - Physics Letters, Section B: Nuclear, Elementary Particle and High-Energy Physics

IS - 4-5

ER -

Observation of geo-neutrinos

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Keywords

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