Ribosome and Transfer RNA Biogenesis

This chapter focuses on the birth and maturation of ribosomal subunits and transfer RNA (tRNA) molecules in archaea. The ribosomal subunits and tRNA biogenesis processes ensure the production of some of the core molecular components of the translation process. Despite being a distinct domain of life, archaea are often characterized by a mixture of bacterial and eukaryotic features. Ribosome and tRNA biogenesis pathways are not an exception to this rule and as such their studies provide valuable insights into the evolution of these molecular processes and ultimately the evolution of life on Earth. When possible, key conceptual similarities and differences between the biogenesis pathways across the different domains of life will be highlighted. The chapter presents some general information about the diversity, distribution and function of tRNA modifications. It describes, as an example, the synthesis and function of two tRNA modifications specific for archaea.