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Science Requirements and Detector Concepts for the Electron-Ion Collider: EIC Yellow Report

  • R. Abdul Khalek
  • , A. Accardi
  • , J. Adam
  • , D. Adamiak
  • , W. Akers
  • , M. Albaladejo
  • , A. Al-bataineh
  • , M. G. Alexeev
  • , F. Ameli
  • , P. Antonioli
  • , N. Armesto
  • , W. R. Armstrong
  • , M. Arratia
  • , J. Arrington
  • , A. Asaturyan
  • , M. Asai
  • , E. C. Aschenauer
  • , S. Aune
  • , H. Avagyan
  • , C. Ayerbe Gayoso
  • B. Azmoun, A. Bacchetta, M. D. Baker, F. Barbosa, L. Barion, K. N. Barish, P. C. Barry, M. Battaglieri, A. Bazilevsky, N. K. Behera, F. Benmokhtar, V. V. Berdnikov, J. C. Bernauer, V. Bertone, S. Bhattacharya, C. Bissolotti, D. Boer, M. Boglione, M. Bondì, P. Boora, I. Borsa, F. Bossù, G. Bozzi, J. D. Brandenburg, N. Brei, A. Bressan, W. K. Brooks, S. Bufalino, M. H.S. Bukhari, V. Burkert, N. H. Buttimore, A. Camsonne, A. Celentano, F. G. Celiberto, W. Chang, C. Chatterjee, K. Chen, T. Chetry, T. Chiarusi, Y. T. Chien, M. Chiosso, X. Chu, E. Chudakov, G. Cicala, E. Cisbani, I. C. Cloet, C. Cocuzza, P. L. Cole, D. Colella, J. L. Collins, M. Constantinou, M. Contalbrigo, G. Contin, R. Corliss, W. Cosyn, A. Courtoy, J. Crafts, R. Cruz-Torres, R. C. Cuevas, U. D'Alesio, S. Dalla Torre, D. Das, S. S. Dasgupta, C. Da Silva, W. Deconinck, M. Defurne, W. DeGraw, K. Dehmelt, A. Del Dotto, F. Delcarro, A. Deshpande, W. Detmold, R. De Vita, M. Diefenthaler, C. Dilks, D. U. Dixit, S. Dulat, A. Dumitru, R. Dupré, J. M. Durham, M. G. Echevarria, L. El Fassi, D. Elia, R. Ent, R. Esha, J. J. Ethier, O. Evdokimov, K. O. Eyser, C. Fanelli, R. Fatemi, S. Fazio, C. Fernandez-Ramirez, M. Finger, D. Fitzgerald, C. Flore, T. Frederico, I. Friščić, S. Fucini, S. Furletov, Y. Furletova, C. Gal, L. Gamberg, H. Gao, P. Garg, D. Gaskell, K. Gates, M. B. Gay Ducati, M. Gericke, G. Gil Da Silveira, F. X. Girod, D. I. Glazier, K. Gnanvo, V. P. Goncalves, L. Gonella, J. O. Gonzalez Hernandez, Y. Goto, F. Grancagnolo, L. C. Greiner, W. Guryn, V. Guzey, Y. Hatta, M. Hattawy, F. Hauenstein, X. He, T. K. Hemmick, O. Hen, G. Heyes, D. W. Higinbotham, A. N. Hiller Blin, T. J. Hobbs, M. Hohlmann, T. Horn, T. J. Hou, J. Huang, Q. Huang, G. M. Huber, C. E. Hyde, G. Iakovidis, Y. Ilieva, B. V. Jacak, P. M. Jacobs, M. Jadhav, Z. Janoska, A. Jentsch, T. Jezo, X. Jing, P. G. Jones, K. Joo, S. Joosten, V. Kafka, N. Kalantarians, G. Kalicy, D. Kang, Z. B. Kang, K. Kauder, S. J.D. Kay, C. E. Keppel, J. Kim, A. Kiselev, M. Klasen, S. Klein, H. T. Klest, O. Korchak, A. Kostina, P. Kotko, Y. V. Kovchegov, M. Krelina, S. Kuleshov, S. Kumano, K. S. Kumar, R. Kumar, L. Kumar, K. Kumerički, A. Kusina, K. Kutak, Y. S. Lai, K. Lalwani, T. Lappi, J. Lauret, M. Lavinsky, D. Lawrence, D. Lednicky, C. Lee, K. Lee, S. H. Lee, S. Levorato, H. Li, S. Li, W. Li, X. Li, W. B. Li, T. Ligonzo, H. Liu, M. X. Liu, X. Liu, S. Liuti, N. Liyanage, C. Lorcé, Z. Lu, G. Lucero, N. S. Lukow, E. Lunghi, R. Majka, Y. Makris, I. Mandjavidze, S. Mantry, H. Mäntysaari, F. Marhauser, P. Markowitz, L. Marsicano, A. Mastroserio, V. Mathieu, Y. Mehtar-Tani, W. Melnitchouk, L. Mendez, A. Metz, Z. E. Meziani, C. Mezrag, M. Mihovilovič, R. Milner, M. Mirazita, H. Mkrtchyan, A. Mkrtchyan, V. Mochalov, V. Moiseev, M. M. Mondal, A. Morreale, D. Morrison, L. Motyka, H. Moutarde, C. Muñoz Camacho, F. Murgia, M. J. Murray, P. Musico, P. Nadel-Turonski, P. M. Nadolsky, J. Nam, P. R. Newman, D. Neyret, D. Nguyen, E. R. Nocera, F. Noferini, F. Noto, A. S. Nunes, V. A. Okorokov, F. Olness, J. D. Osborn, B. S. Page, S. Park, A. Parker, K. Paschke, B. Pasquini, H. Paukkunen, S. Paul, C. Pecar, I. L. Pegg, C. Pellegrino, C. Peng, L. Pentchev, R. Perrino, F. Petriello, R. Petti, A. Pilloni, C. Pinkenburg, B. Pire, C. Pisano, D. Pitonyak, A. A. Poblaguev, T. Polakovic, M. Posik, M. Potekhin, R. Preghenella, S. Preins, A. Prokudin, P. Pujahari, M. L. Purschke, J. R. Pybus, M. Radici, R. Rajput-Ghoshal, P. E. Reimer, M. Rinaldi, F. Ringer, C. D. Roberts, S. Rodini, J. Rojo, D. Romanov, P. Rossi, E. Santopinto, M. Sarsour, R. Sassot, N. Sato, B. Schenke, W. B. Schmidke, I. Schmidt, A. Schmidt, B. Schmookler, G. Schnell, P. Schweitzer, J. Schwiening, I. Scimemi, S. Scopetta, J. Segovia, R. Seidl, S. Sekula, K. Semenov-Tian-Shanskiy, D. Y. Shao, N. Sherrill, E. Sichtermann, M. Siddikov, A. Signori, B. K. Singh, S. Širca, K. Slifer, W. Slominski, D. Sokhan, W. E. Sondheim, Y. Song, O. Soto, H. Spiesberger, A. M. Stasto, P. Stepanov, G. Sterman, J. R. Stevens, I. W. Stewart, I. Strakovsky, M. Strikman, M. Sturm, M. L. Stutzman, M. Sullivan, B. Surrow, P. Svihra, S. Syritsyn, A. Szczepaniak, P. Sznajder, H. Szumila-Vance, L. Szymanowski, A. S. Tadepalli, J. D. Tapia Takaki, G. F. Tassielli, J. Terry, F. Tessarotto, K. Tezgin, L. Tomasek, F. Torales Acosta, P. Tribedy, A. Tricoli, Triloki, S. Tripathi, R. L. Trotta, O. D. Tsai, Z. Tu, C. Tuvè, T. Ullrich, M. Ungaro, G. M. Urciuoli, A. Valentini, P. Vancura, M. Vandenbroucke, C. Van Hulse, G. Varner, R. Venugopalan, I. Vitev, A. Vladimirov, G. Volpe, A. Vossen, E. Voutier, J. Wagner, S. Wallon, H. Wang, Q. Wang, X. Wang, S. Y. Wei, C. Weiss, T. Wenaus, H. Wennlöf, N. Wickramaarachchi, A. Wikramanayake, D. Winney, C. P. Wong, C. Woody, L. Xia, B. W. Xiao, J. Xie, H. Xing, Q. H. Xu, J. Zhang, S. Zhang, Z. Zhang, Z. W. Zhao, Y. X. Zhao, L. Zheng, Y. Zhou, P. Zurita
  • Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam
  • Science Park 105
  • Hampton University
  • Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility
  • Brookhaven National Laboratory
  • The Ohio State University
  • Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal Univ.
  • University of Turin
  • INFN Sezione di Torino
  • Sezione di Roma
  • INFN Sezione di Bologna
  • University Santiago de Compostela
  • Argonne National Laboratory
  • University of California, Riverside
  • Ernest Orlando Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory
  • A. Alikhanian National Science Laboratory
  • Stanford Linear Accelerator Center
  • Université Paris-Saclay
  • Mississippi State University
  • University of Pavia
  • INFN Sezione di Pavia
  • Sezione INFN di Ferrara
  • North Carolina State University
  • Sezione di Genova
  • Central University of Tamil Nadu
  • Duquesne University
  • Catholic University of America
  • Stony Brook University
  • Riken BNL Research Center
  • CFNS
  • Temple University
  • ICS/University of Groningen
  • University of Zielona Gora
  • Universidad de Buenos Aires
  • University of Trieste
  • INFN Sezione di Trieste
  • Universidad Técnica Federico Santa María
  • Politecnico di Torino
  • Jazan University
  • Trinity College Dublin
  • ECT
  • Fondazione Bruno Kessler
  • INFN-TIFPA
  • Central China Normal University
  • INFN Sezione di Bari
  • Ev-K2-CNR Committee
  • Department of Infectious Diseases
  • Lamar University
  • Politecnico di Bari
  • Florida Institute of Technology
  • Florida International University
  • Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México
  • Universitá di Cagliari
  • Sezione INFN di Cagliari
  • Saha Institute of Nuclear Physics
  • MST-8, Los Alamos National Laboratory
  • University of Manitoba
  • University of California, Berkeley
  • LNF-INFN
  • Massachusetts Institute of Technology
  • Duke University
  • Xinjiang University
  • Baruch College
  • Universidad de Alcalá
  • University of Illinois at Chicago
  • University of Kentucky
  • Charles University
  • University of Michigan, Ann Arbor
  • 50
  • University of Perugia
  • INFN Sezione di Perugia
  • Penn State Univ.-Berks
  • University of Glasgow
  • Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul
  • University of Connecticut
  • George Washington University
  • University of Virginia
  • Universidade Federal de Pelotas
  • University of Birmingham
  • RIKEN Nishina Center for Accelerator-Based Science
  • Sezione di Lecce
  • Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute (PNPI)
  • Old Dominion University
  • Georgia State University
  • Southern Methodist University
  • Illinois Institute of Technology
  • Northeastern University
  • University of Regina
  • University of South Carolina
  • Czech Technical University in Prague
  • Institute of Meteorology and Climate Research
  • Virginia Union University
  • Fudan University
  • University of California, Los Angeles
  • University of Münster
  • Agh University of Science and Technology Faculty of Computer Science
  • Universidad Andres Bello
  • High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK)
  • UMass Amherst
  • Akal University
  • Panjab University
  • University of Zagreb
  • Institute for Nuclear Physics
  • University of Jyväskylä
  • Helsinki Institute of Physics
  • South China Normal University
  • Rice University
  • College of William and Mary
  • Università degli studi di Bari Aldo Moro
  • Beijing Normal University
  • Southeast University
  • Indiana University Bloomington
  • Yale University
  • University of North Georgia
  • Università di Foggia
  • Complutense University
  • Oak Ridge National Laboratory
  • Department of Biochemistry and Molecular and Structural Biology
  • Kurchatov Institute
  • National Research Nuclear University MEPhI
  • Jagiellonian University
  • University of Kansas
  • University of Edinburgh
  • INFN-LNS
  • Northwestern University
  • CNRS
  • Lebanon Valley College
  • Indian Institute of Technology Madras
  • Nanjing University
  • University of the Basque Country
  • CIBERfes
  • GSI Helmholtzzentrum fur Schwerionenforschung
  • CABD/CSIC/Universidad Pablo de Olavide
  • Banaras Hindu University
  • University of Ljubljana
  • University of New Hampshire Durham
  • Johannes Gutenberg University
  • Pennsylvania State University
  • National Centre for Nuclear Research (NCBJ)
  • University of Hawaii
  • Università degli Studi di Catania
  • INFN Sezione di Catania
  • University of Regensburg
  • Zhengzhou University
  • University of Science and Technology of China
  • The Chinese University of HongKong
  • Shandong University
  • Chinese Academy of Sciences
  • China University of Geosciences

Research output: Contribution to journalReview articlepeer-review

875 Citations (Scopus)

Abstract

This report describes the physics case, the resulting detector requirements, and the evolving detector concepts for the experimental program at the Electron-Ion Collider (EIC). The EIC will be a powerful new high-luminosity facility in the United States with the capability to collide high-energy electron beams with high-energy proton and ion beams, providing access to those regions in the nucleon and nuclei where their structure is dominated by gluons. Moreover, polarized beams in the EIC will give unprecedented access to the spatial and spin structure of the proton, neutron, and light ions. The studies leading to this document were commissioned and organized by the EIC User Group with the objective of advancing the state and detail of the physics program and developing detector concepts that meet the emerging requirements in preparation for the realization of the EIC. The effort aims to provide the basis for further development of concepts for experimental equipment best suited for the science needs, including the importance of two complementary detectors and interaction regions. This report consists of three volumes. Volume I is an executive summary of our findings and developed concepts. In Volume II we describe studies of a wide range of physics measurements and the emerging requirements on detector acceptance and performance. Volume III discusses general-purpose detector concepts and the underlying technologies to meet the physics requirements. These considerations will form the basis for a world-class experimental program that aims to increase our understanding of the fundamental structure of all visible matter.

Original languageEnglish
Article number122447
JournalNuclear Physics A
Volume1026
DOIs
Publication statusPublished - 1 Oct 2022

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