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Simultaneous multiwavelength observations of markarian 421 during outburst

  • V. A. Acciari
  • , E. Aliu
  • , T. Aune
  • , M. Beilicke
  • , W. Benbow
  • , M. Böttcher
  • , S. M. Bradbury
  • , J. H. Buckley
  • , V. Bugaev
  • , Y. Butt
  • , A. Cannon
  • , O. Celik
  • , A. Cesarini
  • , Y. C. Chow
  • , L. Ciupik
  • , P. Cogan
  • , P. Colin
  • , W. Cui
  • , R. Dickherber
  • , C. Duke
  • A. D. Falcone, S. J. Fegan, J. P. Finley, G. Finnegan, P. Fortin, L. Fortson, A. Furniss, D. Gall, G. H. Gillanders, J. Grube, R. Guenette, G. Gyuk, D. Hanna, J. Holder, D. Horan, C. M. Hui, T. B. Humensky, P. Kaaret, N. Karlsson, M. Kertzman, D. Kieda, J. Kildea, A. Konopelko, H. Krawczynski, F. Krennrich, M. J. Lang, S. Lebohec, G. Maier, A. McCann, J. Millis, P. Moriarty, R. A. Ong, A. N. Otte, D. Pandel, J. S. Perkins, A. Pichel, M. Pohl, J. Quinn, K. Ragan, L. C. Reyes, P. T. Reynolds, E. Roache, H. J. Rose, M. Schroedter, G. H. Sembroski, A. W. Smith, D. Steele, S. P. Swordy, M. Theiling, J. A. Toner, A. Varlotta, S. Vincent, S. P. Wakely, J. E. Ward, T. C. Weekes, A. Weinstein, T. Weisgarber, D. A. Williams, S. Wissel, B. Zitzer, I. De La Calle Perez, A. Ibarra, P. Rodriguez H. Anderhub, L. A. Antonelli, P. Antoranz, M. Backes, C. Baixeras, S. Balestra, J. A. Barrio, D. Bastieri, J. Becerra Gonzlez, J. K. Becker, W. Bednarek, K. Berger, E. Bernardini, A. Biland, R. K. Bock, G. Bonnoli, P. Bordas, D. Borla Tridon, V. Bosch-Ramon, D. Bose, I. Braun, T. Bretz, I. Britvitch, M. Camara, E. Carmona, A. Carosi, S. Commichau, J. L. Contreras, J. Cortina, M. T. Costado, S. Covino, V. Curtef, F. Dazzi, A. De Angelis, E. De Cea Del Pozo, C. Delgado Mendez, R. De Los Reyes, B. De Lotto, M. De Maria, F. De Sabata, A. Dominguez, D. Dorner, M. Doro, D. Elsaesser, M. Errando, D. Ferenc, E. Fernndez, R. Firpo, M. V. Fonseca, L. Font, N. Galante, R. J. García López, M. Garczarczyk, M. Gaug, F. Goebel, D. Hadasch, M. Hayashida, A. Herrero, D. Hildebrand, D. Höhne-Mönch, J. Hose, C. C. Hsu, T. Jogler, D. Kranich, A. La Barbera, A. Laille, E. Leonardo, E. Lindfors, S. Lombardi, F. Longo, M. López, E. Lorenz, P. Majumdar, G. Maneva, N. Mankuzhiyil, K. Mannheim, L. Maraschi, M. Mariotti, M. Martínez, D. Mazin, M. Meucci, J. M. Miranda, R. Mirzoyan, H. Miyamoto, J. Moldón, M. Moles, A. Moralejo, D. Nieto, K. Nilsson, J. Ninkovic, R. Orito, I. Oya, R. Paoletti, J. M. Paredes, M. Pasanen, D. Pascoli, F. Pauss, R. G. Pegna, M. A. Perez-Torres, M. Persic, L. Peruzzo, F. Prada, E. Prandini, N. Puchades, I. Reichardt, W. Rhode, M. Ribó, J. Rico, M. Rissi, A. Robert, S. Rügamer, A. Saggion, T. Y. Saito, M. Salvati, M. Sanchez-Conde, K. Satalecka, V. Scalzotto, V. Scapin, T. Schweizer, M. Shayduk, S. N. Shore, N. Sidro, A. Sierpowska-Bartosik, A. Sillanpää, J. Sitarek, D. Sobczynska, F. Spanier, S. Spiro, A. Stamerra, L. S. Stark, L. Takalo, F. Tavecchio, P. Temnikov, D. Tescaro, M. Teshima, M. Tluczykont, D. F. Torres, N. Turini, H. Vankov, R. M. Wagner, V. Zabalza, F. Zandanel, R. Zanin, J. Zapatero
  • Center for Astrophysics | Harvard & Smithsonian
  • The Bartol Research Institute
  • University of California at Santa Cruz
  • Washington University in St. Louis
  • Ohio University
  • University of Leeds
  • University College Dublin
  • University of California, Los Angeles
  • IDA Business Park
  • Adler Planetarium
  • McGill University
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  • Grinnell College
  • Pennsylvania State University
  • Barnard College
  • University of Chicago
  • University of Iowa
  • DePauw University
  • Pittsburg State University
  • Iowa State University
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  • Galway-Mayo Institute of Technology
  • Instituto de Astronomía y Física del Espacio
  • University of Chicago
  • Cork Institute of Technology
  • Argonne National Laboratory
  • ESAC campus
  • ETH Zurich
  • Istituto di Astrofisica e Planetologia Spaziali (IAPS)
  • Complutense University
  • University of Dortmund
  • University of São Paulo
  • University of Padova
  • Instituto de Astrofisica de Canarias
  • University of Lodz
  • c/o DESY
  • Max-Planck-Institut für Physik
  • University of Siena
  • University of Barcelona
  • University of Würzburg
  • The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology
  • Research Unit; CIBERNED and Universidad de La Laguna
  • and Physics University of Udine
  • Campus UAB
  • Instituto de Astrofísica de Andalucía-CSIC
  • University of California, Davis
  • University of Turku
  • Institute for Nuclear Research and Nuclear Energy Bulgarian Academy of Sciences
  • INAF-Trieste
  • Pompeu Fabra University (UPF)
  • University of Pisa

Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

62 Citations (Scopus)

Abstract

We report on the results of two coordinated multiwavelength campaigns that focused on the blazar Markarian 421 during its 2006 and 2008 outbursts. These campaigns obtained UV and X-ray data using the XMM-Newton satellite, while the gamma-ray data were obtained utilizing three imaging atmospheric Cerenkov telescopes, the Whipple 10 m telescope and VERITAS, both based in Arizona, as well as the MAGIC telescope, based on La Palma in the Canary Islands. The coordinated effort between the gamma-ray groups allowed for truly simultaneous data in UV/X-ray/gamma-ray wavelengths during a significant portion of the XMM-Newton observations. This simultaneous coverage allowed for a reliable search for correlations between UV, X-ray, and gamma-ray variability over the course of the observations. Investigations of spectral hysteresis and modeling of the spectral energy distributions are also presented.

Original languageEnglish
Pages (from-to)169-178
Number of pages10
JournalAstrophysical Journal
Volume703
Issue number1
DOIs
Publication statusPublished - 1 Jan 2009

Keywords

  • Active
  • BL Lacertae objects
  • Galaxies
  • Gamma rays
  • Individual (Markarian 421)
  • Non-thermal
  • Observations
  • Radiation mechanisms
  • X-rays

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