TY - JOUR
T1 - Staying true to yourself
T2 - Mechanisms of DNA methylation maintenance in mammals
AU - Petryk, Nataliya
AU - Bultmann, Sebastian
AU - Bartke, Till
AU - Defossez, Pierre Antoine
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2021 The Author(s) 2020. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of Nucleic Acids Research.
PY - 2021/4/6
Y1 - 2021/4/6
N2 - DNA methylation is essential to development and cellular physiology in mammals. Faulty DNA methylation is frequently observed in human diseases like cancer and neurological disorders. Molecularly, this epigenetic mark is linked to other chromatin modifications and it regulates key genomic processes, including transcription and splicing. Each round of DNA replication generates two hemi-methylated copies of the genome. These must be converted back to symmetrically methylated DNA before the next S-phase, or the mark will fade away; therefore the maintenance of DNA methylation is essential. Mechanistically, the maintenance of this epigenetic modification takes place during and after DNA replication, and occurs within the very dynamic context of chromatin re-assembly. Here, we review recent discoveries and unresolved questions regarding the mechanisms, dynamics and fidelity of DNA methylation maintenance in mammals. We also discuss how it could be regulated in normal development and misregulated in disease.
AB - DNA methylation is essential to development and cellular physiology in mammals. Faulty DNA methylation is frequently observed in human diseases like cancer and neurological disorders. Molecularly, this epigenetic mark is linked to other chromatin modifications and it regulates key genomic processes, including transcription and splicing. Each round of DNA replication generates two hemi-methylated copies of the genome. These must be converted back to symmetrically methylated DNA before the next S-phase, or the mark will fade away; therefore the maintenance of DNA methylation is essential. Mechanistically, the maintenance of this epigenetic modification takes place during and after DNA replication, and occurs within the very dynamic context of chromatin re-assembly. Here, we review recent discoveries and unresolved questions regarding the mechanisms, dynamics and fidelity of DNA methylation maintenance in mammals. We also discuss how it could be regulated in normal development and misregulated in disease.
U2 - 10.1093/nar/gkaa1154
DO - 10.1093/nar/gkaa1154
M3 - Review article
C2 - 33300031
AN - SCOPUS:85104046938
SN - 0305-1048
VL - 49
SP - 3020
EP - 3032
JO - Nucleic Acids Research
JF - Nucleic Acids Research
IS - 6
ER -
