Three-dimensional genome architecture in health and disease

More than a decade of massive DNA sequencing efforts have generated a large body of genomic, transcriptomic and epigenomic information that has provided a more and more detailed view of the functional elements and transactions within the human genome. Considerable efforts have also focused on linking these elements with one another by mapping their interactions and by establishing 3-dimensional (3D) genomic landscapes in various cell and tissue types. In parallel, multiple studies have associated genomic deletions, duplications and other rearrangements with human pathologies. In this review, we explore recent progresses that have allowed connecting disease-causing alterations with perturbations of the 3D genome organization.