Ion irradiation of gold inclusions in SiO₂: Experimental evidence for inverse Ostwald ripening

When sub mm size gold inclusions in SiO₂ are irradiated with MeV gold ions, a ring of nanometer-size clusters is formed in their immediate vicinity. The size, density and radial distribution of these nanoclusters were determined. Our observations are in agreement with a recent prediction that in a driven system, under appropriate ion beam and temperature conditions, the steady-state solute concentration's dependence on precipitate size may be opposite to that expected from the equilibrium Gibbs-Thomson relation. Kinetic Monte-Carlo simulations account for additional experimental results: the irradiation-induced increase in solute concentration can promote nucleation of additional precipitates around the first ring. The latter finding contradicts the usual assumption that ion beam mixing hinders nucleation.