Reconstructing the Unseen: GRIOT for Attributed Graph Imputation with Optimal Transport

In recent years, there has been a significant surge in machine learning techniques, particularly in the domain of deep learning, tailored for handling attributed graphs. Nevertheless, to work, these methods assume that the attributes values are fully known, which is not realistic in numerous real-world applications. This paper explores the potential of Optimal Transport (OT) to impute missing attributes on graphs. To proceed, we design a novel multi-view OT loss function that can encompass both node feature data and the underlying topological structure of the graph by utilizing multiple graph representations. We then utilize this novel loss to train efficiently a Graph Convolutional Neural Network (GCN) architecture capable of imputing all missing values over the graph at once. We evaluate the interest of our approach with experiments both on synthetic data and real-world graphs, including different missingness mechanisms and a wide range of missing data. These experiments demonstrate that our method is competitive with the state-of-the-art in all cases and of particular interest on weakly homophilic graphs.